河流監測站多數設於中下游位置。
Most river monitoring stations are located in the middle and lower reaches.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.450
Chronicle Archive / 志錄
Hong Kong Chronicle Archive · undated entries
以下條目原文冇西曆年份(例如只記年號或朝代),故不列入時間軸,但同樣有官方來源同頁碼。 未繫年條目共 7718 條,每頁 200 條,呢度係第 8 / 39 頁。
These entries carry no Gregorian year in the source (e.g. only an era name), so they sit outside the timeline — but each still has an official source and page number. There are 7718 of them, 200 per page; this is page 8 of 39.
逐年條目見 志錄索引;志錄總數 36501 條。 Dated entries live in the archive index; the archive holds 36501 entries in total.
Undated entries, page 8
引用每條都可以引用:按條目下面嘅「引用呢條」,可以揀中文腳註/中文參考書目/APA/Chicago 四種格式並複製。 書名、出版者、年份同頁碼一律由已登記來源同生成檔派生,頁面一條都唔會手寫;年份取來源登記嘅出版年, 來源未登記出版年嘅,引文改用查閱日期並寫明。
Every entry is citable. Press “Cite this entry” for a Chinese footnote, Chinese bibliography, APA or Chicago note — all derived from the registered source and the generated archive, never hand-written. If a registered source has no publication year, the citation prints the access date and says so.
《香港志·自然》自然環境 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Environment
中文腳註香港地方志中心,《香港志·自然》自然環境(查閱日期 2026-10-18),頁 〈頁碼〉,/chronicle/archive/undated/8#〈條目編號〉。
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Environment (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/8#〈條目編號〉
《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Environmental Protection and Conservation
中文腳註香港地方志中心,《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(查閱日期 2026-10-18),頁 〈頁碼〉,/chronicle/archive/undated/8#〈條目編號〉。
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Environmental Protection and Conservation (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/8#〈條目編號〉
《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Resources and Ecology
中文腳註香港地方志中心,《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(查閱日期 2026-10-18),頁 〈頁碼〉,/chronicle/archive/undated/8#〈條目編號〉。
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Resources and Ecology (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/8#〈條目編號〉
《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事) Hong Kong Chronicles: Overview and Chronology (c. 5000 BC–2017, over 6,500 events)
中文腳註香港地方志中心,《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事),2020,頁 〈頁碼〉,/chronicle/archive/undated/8#〈條目編號〉。
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute (2020). Hong Kong Chronicles: Overview and Chronology (c. 5000 BC–2017, over 6,500 events) (p. 〈頁碼〉). /chronicle/archive/undated/8#〈條目編號〉
Substitute the entry’s page number and ID (shown as 〈頁碼〉/〈條目編號〉) into the pattern above. The same templates, plus rules and limits, are in the citation block of /api/v1/archive.json.
Most river monitoring stations are located in the middle and lower reaches.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.450
The river water quality monitoring programme serves multiple functions: determining pollution levels and long-term trends, providing a basis for formulating water pollution control policies, calculating compliance rates, and producing a water quality index.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.388
River water quality monitoring involves monthly on-site measurement of water quality and collection of water samples for laboratory testing.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.389
Around Hollywood Road, confined water levels have been measured several metres above ground, a typical phenomenon reflecting the difficulty of deep groundwater discharge.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.523
Hok Un Power Station accepted the implementation of a smoke emission reduction plan, and China Light and Power also agreed to reduce the generating scale of Hok Un Power Station after the Tsing Yi Power Station began operation.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.233
From the late 1960s to the 1980s, Deep Bay received untreated pig waste discharged into nullahs from pig farms in Yuen Long, Sheung Shui, Fanling and Ta Kwu Ling.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.140
Although water quality in Deep Bay has improved, it remains the poorest performing of all water control zones in Hong Kong.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.140
Deep Bay has an average salinity of 19.1 PPT, turbidity of 15.7 NTU and total nitrogen of 1.78 mg/L.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.274
The water quality of Deep Bay is affected by multiple sources, including discharges from some villages and squatter areas in Yuen Long District and North District not connected to public sewers.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.140
The Deep Bay area is a Ramsar wetland; after the Kam Tin River and the Shan Pui River converge, the water first flows into Deep Bay and then out to sea, and the wetland provides habitat for waterbirds.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.447
Deep Bay is adjacent to Shenzhen, and its waters are relatively shallow with a high sediment load and are significantly influenced by the Shenzhen River.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.506
The later recovery in total solar radiation was related to regional environmental improvement and reduced pollutant emissions.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.345
Crustal activity between the South China Plate and the North China Platform has become stable, with no significant seismic activity.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.83
Landslide events not only strip the A to C horizons of the soil but also increase excess sediment in the affected catchments.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.207
Chemical waste producers must register with the Environmental Protection Department, and collectors and disposal facilities must obtain licences.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.265
The Chemical Waste Treatment Centre is responsible for treating chemical and medical waste.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.270
The Environmental Achievement Award aims to enhance industrial environmental performance and recognise manufacturers with outstanding environmental achievements.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.601
The scope of funding under the Environment and Conservation Fund covers community waste reduction, environmental education, environmental research, food waste recycling and on-site meal portioning in schools.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.459
The EPD monitored river flow from 1986 to 2017; Hong Kong's dry-season river flow ranged from a lower limit of 0.0068 cubic metres per second to an upper limit of 0.677 cubic metres per second.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.430
The Environmental Protection Department used the Kendall quarterly test method to analyse long-term trends in water quality data over the years.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.372
The Environmental Protection Department's indoor radon monitoring shows that indoor ventilation has the greatest influence on radon concentration.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.369
The Environmental Protection Department monitors the water quality of Hong Kong's marine waters, beaches, and rivers, and regulates discharges under the Water Pollution Control Ordinance.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.72
The Environmental Protection Department improved the old system to produce three-dimensional traffic noise maps.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.398
The Environmental Protection Department establishes noise sensitivity ratings based on the impact of noise sources; the lower the rating, the higher the permissible noise level.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.246
The Environmental Protection Department estimated that the failure rates of catalytic converters in taxis and minibuses at the time were 80% and 45% respectively.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.236
The Environmental Protection Department assesses whether construction noise exceeds the acceptable noise levels, and on that basis decides whether to issue a Construction Noise Permit.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.246
After the Environmental Protection Department strengthened livestock waste control and the Lands Department resumed land from large dyeing factories, the water quality of the Ho Chung River gradually improved.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.456
The Environmental Protection Department designated areas with a denser distribution of 'noise-sensitive places' as 'designated areas'.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.246
The Environmental Protection Department increased the number of river water quality monitoring stations to 82, covering 30 rivers.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.389
The Environmental Protection Department, together with the Drainage Services Department, improved the water quality of the beach there by constructing sewage conveyance pipelines and strictly enforcing a related ordinance.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.385
引用名稱法例/計劃 《水污染管制條例》(Water Pollution Control Ordinance)
The Environmental Protection Department publishes the latest beach water quality weekly through press releases and electronic information channels.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.384
The Environmental Protection Department proposed various soil pollution remediation methods, such as soil vapour extraction, biological treatment, and fixation.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.218
The Environmental Protection Department also carried out a fuel conversion programme for some diesel public transport vehicles.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.235
The EPD determines the level of faecal contamination by measuring E. coli concentrations in rivers and streams.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.390
The Environmental Protection Department implements a wide-ranging beach water quality monitoring and grading mechanism to continuously observe water quality conditions, thereby safeguarding the health of swimmers.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.384
To commemorate Lam Wan Ying's contribution to water quality monitoring, the Environmental Protection Department named a new monitoring vessel after her.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.370
Under the Noise Control Ordinance, the Environmental Protection Department regulates noise from industrial operations, vehicles, designated machinery and community activities.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.244
The Environmental Protection Department selected contractors through open tender to handle the recycling and disposal of waste glass containers.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.268
The Environmental Protection Department uses the basic noise level as a standard, taking into account acoustic principles and conventions, to derive acceptable noise levels.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.246
The Environmental Protection Department has set up a total of ten water quality monitoring points within the Shing Mun River and its tributaries.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.388
In response to dioxin/furan emissions, the Environmental Protection Department tightened emission limit standards for the exhaust gases of power plants and vehicles.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.243
Environmental groups questioned that the application was 'destroy first, develop later' and could set a bad precedent.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.518
Environmental organisations use judicial review and social media advocacy as important means of publicity and protest.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.26
The Environmental Protection Department is responsible for sewage collection and treatment, and provides related equipment, technical support and services.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.278
The Environmental Protection Department is responsible for setting noise measurement standards and assessment methods.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.244
The Environmental Protection Department monitors water quality parameters monthly at 76 monitoring stations and collects phytoplankton samples at 26 stations.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.502
The Environmental Protection Department set up a phytoplankton monitoring programme to understand changes in the composition and abundance of algal species.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.380
The Environmental Protection Department has set up eight monitoring points on Lantau to monitor the Mui Wo River and the Tung Chung River.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.396
The Environmental Protection Department collects samples at 76 marine monitoring stations and major rivers to monitor Hong Kong's water quality.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.559
The Environmental Protection Agency has set up 82 river water quality monitoring stations in ten major river basins in Hong Kong.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.430
The environmental consultant proposed that the Hong Kong government should enact five new laws covering water pollution, air pollution, noise, and waste disposal.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.186
The environmental impact assessment report recommended controlling construction dust and noise, and installing vehicle exhaust purification systems and noise barriers inside tunnels.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.326
The environmental impact assessment report recommended the establishment of about 2,400 hectares of new marine park to compensate for the habitat loss of 672 hectares of seabed.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.330
The environmental impact assessment report proposed enhancing the ecological value of fish ponds outside the disturbance area of the station works first, and carrying out similar enhancement for another 27.1 hectares of fish ponds.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.329
Members who reach a specified recycling weight can redeem various daily necessities.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.477
Building materials such as concrete may release radon, and high concentrations have also been recorded in some non-granite high-rise buildings.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.369
After a fire, the particle structure of the soil disintegrates and a large amount of organic content is lost, significantly raising the likelihood of slope erosion.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.206
Based on newly emerging scientific evidence and the provisions of the Stockholm Convention, the categories and number of chemicals monitored were increased.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.386
During the planning of the new airport master plan, the Airport Authority and relevant government departments assessed the impact of aircraft noise on areas around the airport.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.403
Through 35 vertical shafts and connecting tunnels, highland runoff is directed into the main tunnel and then discharged into waters north of Cyberport.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.329
Farmers who continue to operate and fail to properly handle livestock waste face a maximum fine of $50,000.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.290
Kadoorie Farm covers an area of 148 hectares and includes various terrains such as ridges, streams, and valleys.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.474
Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden releases rare species in Hong Kong back into natural habitats.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.507
Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden breeds rare species for ex-situ conservation.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.507
Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden assists in restoring the vegetation and structure of Hong Kong's forests.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.507
Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden uses molecular biology analysis to combat the illegal trade in wild plants.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.507
Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden has long been engaged in surveys and research on wild plants and carries out various conservation programmes.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.507
Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden is committed to conserving wild plant populations threatened with extinction.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.507
The trace organic chemical content of green-lipped mussels collected in Tsim Sha Tsui was higher than that of samples from Pak Sha Wan and Yung Shue Wan.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.387
The monitoring points are mainly distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the river channels.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.388
The monitoring programme covers five rivers and streams, namely Tuen Mun River, Pai Min Kok Stream, Sam Dip Tam Stream, Kowloon Reception Reservoir Stream and Kai Tak River, located in Kowloon and southwestern New Territories.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.396
Monitoring staff visit the stations monthly to measure water quality and collect samples for laboratory testing.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.450
Monitoring showed that when fish pond water levels were lowered, the average number of waterbirds increased by 20 times.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.150
The standards on which the testing work is based were formulated by the American Society for Testing and Materials, the American Public Health Association and the United States Environmental Protection Agency.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.372
Testing covers more than 40 physical, chemical and biological indicators, including organic matter, nutrients, heavy metals and E. coli.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.388
The copyright of the Building Environmental Assessment Method is owned by the Hong Kong Green Building Council, while the BEAM Society appointed the Environmental Technology Centre to carry out the assessment work.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.591
In view of past severe landslides at Po Shan Road and Po Hing Fong, the Hong Kong Government added drainage systems at these two locations, resulting in a mainly downward trend in groundwater levels.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.523
Wastewater generated in Tseung Kwan O, the Kowloon Peninsula and eastern Hong Kong Island (Chai Wan) is all conveyed to the Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Works for purification.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.377
Firebreaks in country parks are currently generally 10 to 20 metres wide, and wild grass is also cleared annually.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.82
Country parks and special areas are managed by the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, with a total area of 44,300 hectares.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.153
Recently, local researchers detected considerable amounts of microplastics in shellfish along the Hong Kong coast.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.427
Recently, the Drainage Services Department has actively promoted revitalisation projects for channels in low-lying areas, including measures to remove channelised structures.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.264
Recent studies indicate that ocean warming has caused a sharp increase in the local population of crown-of-thorns starfish, leading them to damage and feed on corals.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.429
Municipal solid waste in New Territories new towns has risen significantly over the past three decades.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.415
In recent decades, Hong Kong's urbanisation has proceeded rapidly, with numerous engineering and construction projects carried out within water bodies, causing changes to the seabed surface topography.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.52
Several years after the trawling ban, the number of benthic crustaceans in the eastern and western waters of Hong Kong increased significantly.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.418
After the trawling ban, the seabed environment in Hong Kong improved and benthic species diversity recovered.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.275
Buildings that frequently open windows had an average radon concentration 70% of that in buildings that frequently keep windows closed, with the highest concentrations differing by nearly three times.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.369
After the revised livestock waste control scheme was implemented, pollution of inland waters by livestock waste was further improved.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.284
Stage 2A of the Harbour Area Treatment Scheme will lay deep tunnels to convey effluent treated at eight preliminary treatment facilities on the north and west of Hong Kong Island to the Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Works.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.329
Stage 2B of the Harbour Area Treatment Scheme proposed building an underground biological sewage treatment facility next to the Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Works.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.204
Stage 2B of the Harbour Area Treatment Scheme proposes setting up a biological sewage treatment plant next to the Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Works to treat all sewage within the scope of the scheme.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.329
The first stage of the Harbour Area Treatment Scheme collects and treats about 1.4 million cubic metres of sewage daily, originating from Tsuen Wan, Kwai Tsing, Tseung Kwan O, and urban areas in Kowloon and northeastern Hong Kong Island.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.329
The two phases of the Harbour Area Treatment Scheme took about 20 years to complete, at a total cost of $25.8 billion.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.288
Before the mid-1990s, local river water quality already met discharge standards, with suspended solids and biochemical oxygen demand not exceeding 50 mg per litre.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.290
For the Shing Mun River, Lam Tsuen River, Yuen Long River, Mui Wo River and Tuen Mun River, the statutory water quality objectives applicable to their upstream and downstream sections may not be the same.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.389
For the large-scale reclamation works at Tai Sang Wai, Nam Sang Wai and Victoria Harbour, the outcomes achieved by the various resistance campaigns were not consistent.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.492
For the green mussel, heavy metal levels generally showed no significant differences among the various waters.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.387
For Deep Bay, the compliance rate for water quality objectives is as low as 20% and at most 60%.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.379
As for nickel content, the levels measured in green mussels were far below the limits set by the US Food and Drug Administration.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.387
Country parks are established to protect nature, conserve water sources, and provide countryside recreation and educational facilities for the public.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.37
The Leisure and Cultural Services Department selects a theme flower each year, organises talks on cultivation methods, and gives each participant a seedling of that theme flower.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.450
The Leisure and Cultural Services Department manages more than 1,500 parks and gardens.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.467
Among illegal felling cases over the years, those involving agarwood accounted for over 80%.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.520
The levels of heavy metals such as cadmium, nickel, cobalt, mercury and selenium in the soil were not significantly affected by human activities.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.199
The movement of two plates causes seismic activity along the South China coast, including Hong Kong.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.82
The alluvium in the lower Lam Tsuen River is related to colluvium formed by landslides, unlike alluvium from normal slope erosion.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.207
Extensive felling of trees not only changed the urban landscape but also caused soil erosion, which in turn had a direct impact on the supply of drinking water from reservoirs.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.65
In addition, the actions demanding the relocation of the Tsing Yi oil depot and securing modifications to the Strategic Sewage Disposal Scheme also achieved their aims.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.492
The waters around Lung Kwu Chau, Sha Chau, Tuen Mun and Lantau are all covered by the North Western Water Control Zone.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.379
Whether a building is located on granite geology has a less significant effect on radon concentration than expected.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.369
Terrestrial human activities cause relatively greater disturbance to coastal habitats.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.316
Green Power mobilizes citizens every year to clean up the Hong Kong countryside.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.480
Green Power initially focused on waste and food leftovers generated by festive activities, and later shifted its focus to the issue of litter in the countryside.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.480
The Green田園 Farm covers an area of about 3.3 hectares.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.474
As the Lok Ma Chau Spur Line station works affected the nearby wetland conservation area, the environmental impact assessment report proposed a compensation scheme covering 23.6 hectares of affected fish ponds.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.329
Arsenic levels in soil in the Ma On Shan area reached over 40 milligrams per kilogram.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.199
In winter or during spring and autumn, tens of thousands of waterbirds and waders can be recorded at the Mai Po Nature Reserve.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.350
The swimming season runs from March to October each year, during which the Environmental Protection Department collects water samples from gazetted beaches at least three times per month.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.384
About 400,000 people each year have to endure the noise emitted by percussive piling machines.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.192
About 350 billion cubic metres of fresh water and 85 million tonnes of sand and silt are carried by the Pearl River to the waters west of Hong Kong each year.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.273
About 450,000 cubic metres of sewage per day comes from the north and west of Hong Kong Island, and this sewage receives only screening and grit removal before being discharged into Victoria Harbour, causing adverse effects on water quality.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.329
Dendrobium loddigesii was heavily collected for its ornamental use, leaving its wild populations extremely limited.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.509
Six types of wetland can be identified within and around the Mai Po Reserve, covering fish ponds, reed beds, mangroves, intertidal mudflats, freshwater ponds and gei wai.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.350
The Mai Po Nature Reserve is the most important habitat for local waterbirds.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.350
The wetland area of Mai Po Nature Reserve covers 2,700 hectares, encompassing habitats such as mangroves, gei wai, reed beds and intertidal mudflats.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.473
The education centre of Mai Po Nature Reserve receives close to 400 primary and secondary school visit groups each year.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.473
Mai Po Nature Reserve has recorded 2,050 wildlife species, of which 400 are birds and 35 are endangered species.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.473
Muk Wu pumping station is the sampling point for all water quality monitoring samples.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.57
At present, green belts in Hong Kong cover about 70% of the land, and the territory also has an internationally recognised geopark.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.30
Hong Kong currently carries out manual tree planting on many hillsides to mitigate the trend of valley erosion.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.212
The compliance rate for E. coli in the waters of the Southern District has remained at 100%, and the compliance rate for unionised ammonia has also remained at 100% for many years.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.379
The compliance rate for dissolved oxygen in the waters of the Southern District ranges from 80% to 100%.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.379
The Southern Water Control Zone covers the area from southern Hong Kong Island to Lantau, and is the only water control zone in the southern waters.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.379
The Southern Water Control Zone is located in the waters south of Hong Kong, covers about 400 square kilometres, and faces the South China Sea.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.506
The compliance rate for water quality objectives in the Southern District therefore ranged from 60% to 80%.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.379
Dissolved oxygen in the seawater around the Southern District was generally at a relatively high level, but some areas in the west showed water pollution due to the influence of Pearl River runoff.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.506
The standard adopted for total inorganic nitrogen in the Southern District is more stringent, with the annual depth-averaged value not exceeding 0.1 mg/L, while other waters are allowed a range of 0.3 to 0.7 mg/L.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.379
After the environmental beautification works at Lamma Quarry were completed, a 4-hectare non-engineered artificial lake was created.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.155
The Ngau Tam Mei animal waste composting plant handles the treatment of stable waste.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.270
The treatment of water in the drainage diversion channel is carried out naturally in constructed wetlands through crushed brick beds, oyster shell beds and reed beds.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.447
The main purpose of designating special areas is to protect the natural ecology.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.37
Ozone concentrations in the stratosphere are affected by changes in the solar incidence angle, showing seasonal variation with a summer peak that can exceed 8800 ppbv.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.330
The scoring criteria include resource use, recyclable materials, reduction of toxic chemicals, product lifespan and sustainable development.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.603
The scoring criteria also cover the product's repairability, quality level, creativity and market potential.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.603
In assessing the water quality of typhoon shelters, the indicators selected covered dissolved oxygen, total inorganic nitrogen and un-ionised ammonia; as for bacteria, no standard was set.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.379
Aircraft noise is assessed using Noise Exposure Forecast contours, with criteria based on guidelines set by the International Civil Aviation Organization and the US Federal Aviation Administration.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.246
Slope erosion causes loss of topsoil and organic matter, lowering the levels of total carbon and total nitrogen in the soil.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.206
Slope erosion and gully erosion are rare in areas of sedimentary rock, tuff and extrusive igneous rock.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.206
Subsequently, the authorities established air monitoring stations in urban areas to monitor gaseous pollutants, suspended particulates and toxic air pollutants.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.25
Subsequently, the Hong Kong Awards for Environmental Excellence replaced that environmental achievement award.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.602
Subsequently, the government replanted other tree species in the Tai Tong area, and the poor land conditions there improved greatly.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.438
Subsequently, the Chinese government built another nuclear power facility at Lingao Village, located about one kilometre northeast of the Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.404
The subsequent decline in low-visibility hours reflects the effectiveness of air pollution control efforts.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.347
The Environmental Protection Department subsequently adopted European Union standards, gradually tightening the exhaust emission limits for new diesel vehicles and reducing the sulphur content of diesel fuel.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.235
Subsequently, plastics, glass, food waste and rubber tyres became the main local recycling items.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.413
The remaining 30% of landslides occurred when soil moisture was below saturation, and substantial subsurface flow in soil pipes can increase groundwater pressure and trigger slope failures.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.207
The remaining 30,000 cubic metres of soil were also contaminated with dioxins.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.515
Through carbon audits, enterprises can account for the greenhouse gas emissions caused by their business operations and then plan specific emission reduction measures.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.600
No contamination was found within the runway area of Kai Tak Airport.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.514
Pre-treatment disinfection uses chlorination to eliminate over 99% of E. coli in sewage.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.287
The Livestock Waste Control Scheme divides control areas into three categories: control areas, prohibition areas, and restriction areas.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.290
After the implementation of the Livestock Waste Control Scheme, the pollution discharged by livestock farms was reduced by 90%.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.291
The area along 105°E between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the South China Plate is an active seismic zone.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.83
The area is home to several threatened bird species, including the Black-faced Spoonbill, the Nordmann's Greenshank and the Spoon-billed Sandpiper.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.350
The Regional Council once organised an event called the North District Flower Show in the New Territories.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.459
The largest reedbed in Hong Kong is located in the Mai Po Marshes and is a habitat for many birds.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.509
An annual grading of Good or Fair means the beach meets the water quality objective.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.384
About 39% of the world's forests are composed of conifers (Pinophyta).
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.480
Seven gazetted beaches in Tsuen Wan were closed due to poor water quality and reopened gradually after 2003.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.288
The beaches along Castle Peak Road in Tsuen Wan include Twin Bay, Hoi Mei Wan, Geng Sheng Wan, Lido Bay, Near Water Bay, Ting Kau and Fishing Bay.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.385
Any engineering project must satisfy the requirements of the environmental impact assessment and submit mitigation and compensation measures before an environmental permit can be issued by the Director of Environmental Protection.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.58
If more than 180 E. coli colonies are detected per 100 millilitres of beach seawater, the water quality there is considered unsuitable for swimming.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.559
Large organisations such as the Jockey Club, banks and property developers fund environmental education work through various means.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.472
The assessment of tributyltin pollution uses the local Thais clavigera as an indicator organism in a biomonitoring programme.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.388
Sha Lo Tung, Fung Yuen, Long Valley, Tai Long Sai Wan and Lai Chi Wo are all sites covered by the project.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.471
The effluent from Sha Tin and Tai Po sewage treatment works is discharged into Victoria Harbour via Kai Tak River.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.376
Waste from the Sha Tin Transfer Station is transported by road to the North East New Territories Landfill.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.269
The section of the Shan Pui River at Yeung Ka Tsuen has been included in the list of rivers with important ecological value.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.447
Ash from hill fires and ammonia nitrogen are highly soluble, and the water repellency of soil after hill fires causes rapid loss of nutrients.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.207
Ash from hill fires is mostly alkaline, which reduces available aluminium concentration in soil and lowers ion exchange capacity and pH.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.207
After hill fires, organic matter, organic nitrogen, base saturation and ion exchange capacity in the affected soil all showed significant declines.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.207
Hill fires can convert organic nitrogen in native soil and humus into ammoniacal nitrogen, raising the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration in the surface soil layer within a short time.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.207
Frequent hill fires reduce the efficiency of the Government's tree planting and greening work.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.207
The burning temperature of hill fires causes soil aggregates to break down, reducing soil porosity and increasing density.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.208
The Business Environment Council provides secretariat support for the Harbour Business Forum, whose participants cover sectors such as retail, catering and hotels.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.622
The Business Environment Council evolved from the Centre of Environmental Technology.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.608
The Shenzhen Municipal Government expressed concern about water pollution in Deep Bay and carried out related remedial actions.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.140
Domestic sewage and industrial wastewater are often discharged into mudflats and mangrove wetlands, exposing such environments to more significant anthropogenic pollution.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.200
In the late nineteenth century, the Hong Kong Government treated pollution as a nuisance, handled by the Sanitary Board.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.220
The environmental improvement works at Shek O Quarry created an artificial bay for recreational use.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.155
Asbestos was mainly found in corrugated cement roofs of shipyards, electrical switch boxes and insulation materials of some pipes.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.515
In recent years, WWF Hong Kong has promoted the "Clam Digging Code" in its education and publicity to urge visitors to pay attention to the size of clams they collect.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.427
Since 1983, the World Wide Fund for Nature Hong Kong has been commissioned by the Agriculture and Fisheries Department to manage the Mai Po Nature Reserve.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.472
The spacing between urban nearshore stations is usually one to two kilometres, while stations at the boundaries of water bodies are about five to ten kilometres apart.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.370
The average density of urban soil was higher than 1.6, while the density of the uppermost soil layer was above 2.0.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.208
Increased levels of heavy metals such as lead and arsenic in urban soil are an issue that urban tree management must address.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.209
Major urban rivers and small streams in the New Territories are included in the river water quality monitoring coverage.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.388
Regulated noise sources include construction work, percussive piling, industrial and commercial activities, neighbourhood noise, product noise, motor vehicles, burglar alarms, and aircraft noise.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.200
More than 1 million people in Hong Kong are affected by traffic noise.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.192
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