Chronicle Archive / 志錄
Hong Kong Chronicle Archive · undated entries
以下條目原文冇西曆年份（例如只記年號或朝代），故不列入時間軸，但同樣有官方來源同頁碼。 未繫年條目共 7718 條，每頁 200 條，呢度係第 5 / 39 頁。
These entries carry no Gregorian year in the source (e.g. only an era name), so they sit outside the timeline — but each still has an official source and page number. There are 7718 of them, 200 per page; this is page 5 of 39.
逐年條目見 志錄索引；志錄總數 36501 條。 Dated entries live in the archive index; the archive holds 36501 entries in total.
Undated entries, page 5
引用每條都可以引用：按條目下面嘅「引用呢條」，可以揀中文腳註／中文參考書目／APA／Chicago 四種格式並複製。 書名、出版者、年份同頁碼一律由已登記來源同生成檔派生，頁面一條都唔會手寫；年份取來源登記嘅出版年， 來源未登記出版年嘅，引文改用查閱日期並寫明。
Every entry is citable. Press “Cite this entry” for a Chinese footnote, Chinese bibliography, APA or Chicago note — all derived from the registered source and the generated archive, never hand-written. If a registered source has no publication year, the citation prints the access date and says so.
《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Resources and Ecology
中文腳註香港地方志中心，《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（查閱日期 2026-10-18），頁 〈頁碼〉，/chronicle/archive/undated/5#〈條目編號〉。
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Resources and Ecology (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/5#〈條目編號〉
《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口） Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Territory, Geography and Population
中文腳註香港地方志中心，《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（查閱日期 2026-10-18），頁 〈頁碼〉，/chronicle/archive/undated/5#〈條目編號〉。
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Territory, Geography and Population (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/5#〈條目編號〉
《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Environmental Protection and Conservation
中文腳註香港地方志中心，《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育（查閱日期 2026-10-18），頁 〈頁碼〉，/chronicle/archive/undated/5#〈條目編號〉。
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Environmental Protection and Conservation (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/5#〈條目編號〉
《香港志·自然》自然環境 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Environment
中文腳註香港地方志中心，《香港志·自然》自然環境（查閱日期 2026-10-18），頁 〈頁碼〉，/chronicle/archive/undated/5#〈條目編號〉。
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Environment (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/5#〈條目編號〉
《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事） Hong Kong Chronicles: Overview and Chronology (c. 5000 BC–2017, over 6,500 events)
中文腳註香港地方志中心，《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事），2020，頁 〈頁碼〉，/chronicle/archive/undated/5#〈條目編號〉。
APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute (2020). Hong Kong Chronicles: Overview and Chronology (c. 5000 BC–2017, over 6,500 events) (p. 〈頁碼〉). /chronicle/archive/undated/5#〈條目編號〉
Substitute the entry’s page number and ID (shown as 〈頁碼〉／〈條目編號〉) into the pattern above. The same templates, plus rules and limits, are in the citation block of /api/v1/archive.json.
The graphite produced at Tai Mo To was carried in baskets to two drying grounds on the surface, where it was first sorted by hand according to quality and then left outdoors to dry naturally.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.131
The Tai Mo To graphite mine adopted the downward bench stoping method, with the ore excavated in layers from top to bottom.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.131
At the Tai Mo To graphite mine, after each layer was mined, the space was backfilled with tailings to prevent collapse.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.131
At the Tai Mo To graphite mine, ore was extracted with hoes and chisels, and explosives were used only when hard rock was encountered in driving tunnels.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.131
The graphite mineral produced at Tai Mo To Chau was mainly sold to Britain and the United States.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.130
The magnetite deposits at Sha Lo Wan on Lantau, west of Tung Chung and east of the Brothers have never been formally commercially mined.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.127
The shell lime burned by local people from shells, oyster shells and coral could be put to many uses, such as building furnaces for salt-boiling and serving as agricultural fertiliser, and thus had considerable economic value.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.529
Local products such as salt, pearls, incense and rice were first collected at various places before being exported to other regions.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.529
The authorities issued a quartz mining licence for the Hau Hok Wan area, and the quartz extracted came from a 30-metre-wide quartz vein of no mineral value to the west of the bay.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.134
At that time, firewood sold for $2.5 to $3 per picul (100 catties), while the daily wage of a casual street labourer was only $1.5.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育（香港地方志中心） · p.51
At the time, cane sugar was mainly exported to Britain, British India and Shanghai, while salted fish was mostly shipped to Guangzhou for sale.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.530
By the Ming dynasty, rising demand for porcelain at home and abroad led Hong Kong's ceramics manufacturing and trade to gradually develop into an emerging industry.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.529
After the end of the Second World War, the monthly output of the Cha Kwo Ling mine remained at around 40 tonnes.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.140
After the end of the Second World War, most of the core equipment in the Lin Ma Hang mining area was dismantled.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.109
After the end of the Second World War, Aberdeen developed into the core base of the local fishing industry and also a central trading point for imported seafood, with a typhoon shelter and a fish wholesale market in the district.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.91
After the end of the Second World War, Hong Kong's economy centred on its role as an entrepot port, and the number of large cargo ships arriving in the territory continued to rise.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.276
During the First World War, as sources of goods were disrupted, Hong Kong turned to local production of light textiles.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.532
The waters near Tung Lung Chau are the area with the highest offshore sand and gravel extraction to date, with about 83 million cubic metres extracted in total.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.158
Several large-scale textile enterprises, including Nan Fung Textiles, the China Dyeing Works and South China Textile, chose to set up factories in Tsuen Wan District.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.146
From the twentieth century, large enterprises began large-scale mining of Hong Kong's quarries.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.27
Before the twentieth century, most quarries in Hong Kong were family-run.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.27
In the mid-twentieth century, Hong Kong's mining industry gradually became sizable because of the introduction of regulation and technology.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.98
Before the outbreak of the Second World War, Tsing Yi was already an important base of Hong Kong's lime industry.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.125
After the Second World War, Causeway Bay developed into a major leisure and shopping district on Hong Kong Island, while Tai Hang and Happy Valley remained residential areas.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.97
After the end of the Second World War, Hung Hom and To Kwa Wan gradually transformed into a light industrial area with numerous workshops engaged in metalwork, electroplating, plastics and garment manufacturing.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.101
After the end of the Second World War, Ma On Shan developed into the largest mining area in Hong Kong, employing about 5,000 miners.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.138
After the end of the Second World War, Hung Hom and To Kwa Wan transformed into an area dominated by light industry, where workshops producing hardware, electroplating, light bulbs, plastics and garments appeared one after another.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.99
The report considered that the graphite seam at Tam Kon Chau was more uniform in texture and easier to mine than the larger, irregular fissure-type veins at Mo To.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.132
The mine covered 19 mu and produced several thousand tonnes of feldspar over the years.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境（香港地方志中心） · p.234
Residents of villages around the mine initially relied on fishing and farming, after which a company from Japan carried out magnetite mining there.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.121
The open-pit mine is located at the exposed part of the ore body at an elevation of about 300 metres and extends downwards to about 240 metres; it is about 500 metres long and about 300 metres wide.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.122
During their years of operation, the three express trains faced multiple challenges including natural disasters, the turmoil of the Cultural Revolution, floods in South China, tunnel collapses and the migrant worker surge during the Spring Festival travel rush, yet their service was never interrupted.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.70
During that period, the fishing port and quarry at Shau Kei Wan were the most prosperous.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.87
At the beginning of reform and opening up, many Hong Kong businessmen moved their factories north to mainland China, with the Pearl River Delta region being the most concentrated.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育（香港地方志中心） · p.27
Within the framework of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, the Hong Kong Government, in order to safeguard Hong Kong's commercial interests, added a Hong Kong Commercial Affairs Counsellor post to the British delegation in Geneva; the post later evolved into the Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office in Geneva. After the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, this body represented Hong Kong in the World Trade Organization and other international forums.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.351
When Hong Kong businessmen first entered the mainland, their investment was concentrated in processing industries while also covering service sectors including guesthouses, hotels, tourist facilities and taxis; their business was concentrated in Guangdong and Fujian provinces.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.46
At its peak, the purple sea urchin fishery caught about 60 to 80 tonnes per year, worth about $500,000.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.433
According to records, the lead mine at Silver Mine Bay on Mui Wo in Hong Kong had a history of silver refining operations.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.107
The geographical range in which the agarwood tree forms resin is confined to the Lingnan region, and the agarwood produced in Dongguan (including Hong Kong) is regarded as of superior quality.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.529
Guangzhou had long been an important foreign trade port, and Hong Kong was its outer port, customs station and coastal defence front.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.529
After the country proposed the Belt and Road open cooperation initiative, Hong Kong used this opportunity to promote a new round of economic transformation and upgrading.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.44
Over the past five years, 1.5 million tonnes of surplus rock were transported to the Lam Tei quarry and the Anderson Road quarry for recycling at those two sites.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.156
Along the coast of Deep Bay and Mong Wu Shek, more than thirty mining sites were formerly found, with extraction focused on quartz and kaolin.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.145
Granite accounts for nearly forty per cent of Hong Kong's rocks and is a suitable building material.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境（香港地方志中心） · p.235
Chinese people moved in one after another, while industry and commerce flourished in places such as Yau Ma Tei, Tsim Sha Tsui, Shau Kei Wan, Tai Kok Tsui and Hung Hom.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.187
Several enterprises, including the Whampoa Dock, Green Island Cement and China Light and Power, built factories in Hung Hom and provided employees with jobs and housing.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.250
Kat O was formerly a commercial and trading hub in the Mirs Bay area.
來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育（香港地方志中心） · p.121
In the early twentieth century, Tseung Kwan O had a brewery and a flour mill, which were industrial activities.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.134
Kau Sai Chau and Yim Tin Tsai were the salt industry centres of Sai Kung District, and workshop remains are still preserved today.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.132
Tang Yuen-fan, a descendant of the Tang clan of Kam Tin, held ten thousand mu of tax-bearing fields during the Wanli reign of the Ming dynasty, extending over Cheung Sha Wan, Kowloon, Ngau Kang, Kwan Tai Lo, Pok Fu Lam and Aberdeen.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.234
Recently, some Hong Kong fishermen have successfully cultivated Perna viridis in the waters around Tai Po and Sai Kung.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.425
Entering the 2000s, Quarry Bay had transformed into a core commercial and business centre of Hong Kong Island East.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.87
The washed bloodworms were sent to the goldfish distribution centre near Sheung Shui railway station for sale, and were also sold to various parts of Europe.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.392
The dense wells, export ceramics and copper coins unearthed at Kowloon Bay suggest the site may have been a trading port.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.233
It was reported that graphite shipped from Tai Mo To to Britain and the United States was used in control rods for nuclear reactor cores at nuclear power plants.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.131
The Lam Tei quarry produces about 1 million tonnes of crushed stone annually, accounting for 4% to 7% of market demand.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.152
The Lam Tei quarry is located in Tuen Mun, is still in operation, and produces 1 million tonnes of stone each year.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.147
The Lam Tei quarry is located about 3 kilometres north of Tuen Mun and covers a total area of around 30 hectares.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.156
After more than a century of evolution, the substance and functions of Hong Kong's free port continued to change, ultimately making it the freest and most open commercial port in the world.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.38
The Lin Ma Hang galena mine, located in the northern New Territories, is Hong Kong's earliest metal mine.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.27
The galena at Lin Ma Hang was first mined by the Portuguese.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.27
The adits of the Lin Ma Hang mine have a total length of about 2,100 metres and extend downwards to a depth of over 600 feet.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.109
Before the Lin Ma Hang mine was officially closed in 1962, the operator had attempted to sell the remaining low-grade ore externally, but because the metal content was too low, the batch of ore was ultimately used for paving roads.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.109
The concentrate produced at the Lin Ma Hang mining area was sold to European metal traders in Britain, the Netherlands and Belgium for smelting.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.109
The Lin Ma Hang lead mine was initially mined by the Portuguese.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.108
The lead concentrate produced by the Lin Ma Hang lead mine had an average monthly output of 300 imperial tons.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.109
Lin Ma Hang had the largest lead-zinc mine in Hong Kong, and the Portuguese had already carried out mining there as early as the early nineteenth century.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.129
Lin Ma Hang and Mui Wo produced galena, Needle Hill produced black tungsten ore and molybdenite, and Ma On Shan produced magnetite.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境（香港地方志中心） · p.234
After Lingnan was brought back under the empire's territory in the Western Han, Xuwen, Hepu and other places replaced Panyu as the ports of departure for foreign exchanges.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.375
The sixfinger threadfin is one of the species caught on the sandy and muddy seabed of Hong Kong and nearby waters.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.319
Underground mining at Ma On Shan used the sublevel stoping method, first driving tunnels, shafts and ore passes, then mining layer by layer from top to bottom.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.123
Ore from Ma On Shan was transported out through a mine shaft about 200 metres from the seafront, and the adjacent ore dressing facility used magnetic wet separation technology to raise the grade of iron sand.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.123
The Ma On Shan open-pit mine consisted of ten mining and transport platforms at different heights.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.122
At its peak, the Ma On Shan iron mine produced over 800 tonnes of iron ore sand daily and employed more than 1,000 miners.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.122
At its peak, the Ma On Shan iron mine employed several thousand miners.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.125
After beneficiation, the iron sand from Ma On Shan was loaded onto ships and then transported to Japan.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.123
The Ma On Shan ore dressing plant could process 700 tonnes of ore per day.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.123
After the Ma Tau Kok cattle depot opened, it spurred the development of fur processing and leather polishing industries in the To Kwa Wan area.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.99
During the Ming dynasty, this region produced large quantities of agarwood of the Guanxiang variety, also known as nü'er xiang, which was highly favoured in Guangdong and the Jiangsu-Zhejiang area; Sha Tin's Lek Yuen and Sha Lo Wan in western Lantau were sources of quality agarwood.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.38
During the Ming dynasty, the coastal areas of Guangdong already used sun-drying to make salt, and the product was called 'raw salt'.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.162
In the Ming dynasty, Hong Kong's economy became more diversified, with residents making a living from farming, fishing, salt boiling and lime making, as well as cultivating and exporting agarwood.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.227
During the Ming dynasty, Hong Kong residents also fired and transshipped porcelain for export.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.228
New economic activities in the Ming dynasty included the cultivation and export of agarwood and the firing and transshipment of porcelain, which were related to population dispersal and the splitting of clans.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.376
At present, only the Lam Tei Quarry in Tuen Mun remains in operation.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.148
At present only the Lam Tei Quarry remains in operation in Hong Kong, with a monthly stone output of 70,000 tonnes.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.156
In the early Southern Song dynasty, the authorities established a salt field called 'Kwun Fu Cheung' in the Kowloon Bay area.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.99
From the Southern Song dynasty until the coastal evacuation in the early Qing dynasty, salt making was the main industry in the Kwun Tong area.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.103
When the mainland's overall economy or foreign trade growth slows, Hong Kong's economic growth momentum and related trade also weaken.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.43
Subsequent tests showed that the fixed carbon content of the ore from Tam Kon Chau was only 1% to 2%, far below the 76% graphite level of Tai Mo To.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.132
During the expansion of Kai Tak Airport, Hung Hom to Causeway Bay served as a sand dredging area.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境（香港地方志中心） · p.54
After the coastal evacuation and the lifting of the boundary ban, the authorities brought in migrants to reclaim wasteland, and Hakka clans established villages and built kilns to fire lime and bricks and tiles.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.529
From the Qin and Han dynasties to the Qing dynasty, fisheries and agriculture were Hong Kong's main primary industries.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.181
There were several tungsten mines of varying scale in the Castle Peak area.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.119
The Qing government authorised each of the Four Mountains to elect one representative to manage the business and collect mining taxes on its behalf.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.532
After the lifting of the coastal evacuation in the early Qing dynasty, the fishing industry flourished, boats moored in the various bays, fishing villages and fishing ports gradually took shape, and those engaged in the trade settled there accordingly.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.236
After the coastal evacuation in the early Qing dynasty, Wun Yiu was abandoned for a time, and production resumed and the kiln site was expanded after the evacuation was lifted.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.529
The early Qing boundary evacuation order dealt a blow to the lime-burning industry, which recovered rapidly after the coastal evacuation was lifted and the boundary restored.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.529
In the early Qing period, workers in the salt-making industry were concentrated near Tuen Mun and Kap Shui Mun (now called Kap Shui Mun), while only a few people engaged in the trade in Tai Po, Sha Tau Kok and Tai O.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.236
In the early Qing period, lime-burning workers were scattered in several places including Ping Shan, Sha Tin, Tsuen Wan, Tai Po, Sha Tau Kok, Sai Kung and Castle Peak Bay.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.236
In the early Qing dynasty, pottery makers were still concentrated in Tai Po.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.236
In the early Qing dynasty, periodic rural markets appeared; Yuen Long's Tai Kiu Tun Hui was later replaced by Yuen Long Hui (present-day Yuen Long Old Market), and Sheung Shui's Tin Kong Hui was later replaced by Shek Wu Hui.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.236
In the early Qing dynasty, fishermen also practised aquaculture in northwestern Hong Kong, concentrated around Tin Shui Wai, Lau Fau Shan and Nim Wan.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.236
In the early Qing period, the main fishing ports included Sai Kung, Tai Po and Castle Peak Bay in the New Territories, Shau Kei Wan, Aberdeen and Stanley on Hong Kong Island, and Cheung Chau and Tai O on the outlying islands.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.236
The coastal evacuation measure of the Qing dynasty caused a severe decline in Hong Kong's incense-making industry, and the transport and trading of Dongguan incense consequently faded gradually.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.529
A small amount of industry began to appear around Tsuen Wan in the early twentieth century, including the Texaco oil company and the Hong Kong Brewery.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.145
Population ageing has widened the income gap among Hong Kong households.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.705
During the Japanese occupation, the Ma On Shan iron mine employed more than 1,500 miners.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.27
The three express trains operated throughout the year, suspending service only on the first day of the Lunar New Year, and delivered supplies on schedule for the remaining 364 days.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.70
In the Sha Lo Wan area, prospecting and mining licences for feldspar and quartz were obtained, but there is no record of actual output.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.145
Although a quartz prospecting licence was held in the Sha Lo Wan area, a mining licence was never applied for.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.134
The pegmatite at Tung Lo Wan in Sha Tin was formerly mined for high-quality alkaline feldspar.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.145
Common catches of the above-mentioned inshore trawling included flower shrimp and flower crab.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.417
The Sheung Tong mine was small in scale and simple in extraction method, with vertical shafts and pits, and its shallow, short pits limited production capacity.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.119
Sheung Yiu and Hoi Ha were the bases of the lime-burning industry in Sai Kung District.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.132
At that time, potters were concentrated only in Tai Po.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.237
There is a Tan Gan Chau development area of 5 acres near the Shenzhen River estuary.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.132
In the early nineteenth century, Hong Kong's quarrying industry had the "Four Mountains" as an important base, a name covering the four places of Lei Yue Mun, Sai Tso Wan, Ngau Tau Kok and Cha Kwo Ling.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.103
In the mid-nineteenth century, some villagers rented land from the Tang clan of Kam Tin for cultivation, and Sham Shui Po was the largest market in the area.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.108
In the mid-nineteenth century, Hong Kong's mining, stone quarrying and construction industries flourished because of urban development.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.181
In the mid-19th century, mining, stone quarrying and construction industries were quite prosperous in Hong Kong.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.456
In the mid-nineteenth century, much of Hong Kong's international trade was related to opium and the trafficking of coolies.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.181
In terms of graphite output value, 1953 and 1955 were the only exceptions; in all other years it was no less than $300,000.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.105
Stone produced in the Four Hills area was sold to Guangzhou, Taishan, Shunde and Southeast Asia.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.147
Because of convenient transport and the good quality of their granite, the Four Hills area became the main source of local stone.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.147
In the Song dynasty, the salt industry was monopolised by the government through a system of exclusive production and sale.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.233
Entering the early twentieth century, Hong Kong's quarrying industry gradually became mechanised, and its products changed from rock blocks to crushed stone.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.151
Entering the early twentieth century, prospecting and trial digging for tungsten and iron ore were carried out at Needle Hill and Ma On Shan respectively.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.138
In the early 20th century, as industrial production continued to expand in Shau Kei Wan, its population rose accordingly.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.247
In the early 20th century, as demand for steamships continued to rise and most shipyards producing such vessels were located in old Kowloon, the labour force in that area increased accordingly.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.248
After entering the twentieth century, the share of fisheries, agriculture and mining in Hong Kong's overall economy kept declining, while manufacturing rose to become the main supporting industry.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.456
Entering the twentieth century, manufacturing developed into a major pillar industry in Hong Kong.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.181
Entering the 1930s, the place name Mong Kok was changed to Wong Kok, and the area subsequently evolved gradually into an industrial district mainly engaged in textiles and dyeing.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.117
Entering the late nineteenth century, with population growth, vegetable cultivation and poultry and livestock rearing in the New Territories developed further.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.532
Entering the 1960s, the Kowloon Wharf and its warehouse site were redeveloped and transformed into Ocean Terminal; this building was regarded at the time as the largest comprehensive shopping centre in Hong Kong.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.117
Before the outbreak of the Pacific War, Hong Kong's paired trawlers were concentrated at Castle Peak Bay, which was then the only base.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.149
For only a short period after the end of the Pacific War, graphite prices once climbed to a peak.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.129
In the Tang dynasty, Guangzhou was an important foreign trade port, with Tuen Mun Bay serving as its outer port.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.232
In the Tang dynasty, agarwood trees began to be cultivated in the Dongguan area, and the agarwood formed from their resin was of considerable value on the market.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.529
During the Tang dynasty, Hong Kong's salt-making industry was already in large-scale production, as evidenced by the remains of salt-boiling furnaces.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.376
The output of pottery clay and kaolin was second only to that of iron, amounting to about 4,300 to 8,400 imperial tons per year except in 1951.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.105
During the development of the Tin Shui Wai new town, a total of 18 million cubic metres of sand and gravel was extracted from the Deep Bay estuary area.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.158
Tin Ka Ping, founder of Tin's Chemical Industries, built a factory on 300,000 square feet of land reclaimed from the sea in Tuen Mun.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.150
Tuen Mun District was once famous for growing sugarcane and making sugar, and Tuen Mun Old Market served as the district's commercial hub.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.149
In the late Qing period, with urban expansion, the original agrarian social structure changed, and some New Territories farmers ceased farming and went abroad to seek a living; after the end of World War II, accelerated urbanization and industrialization prompted more New Territories farmers to move overseas or to cities for work, resulting in large areas of arable land being abandoned and left barren, and agriculture gradually declined.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.38
Besides supplying the local market and the Pearl River Delta, some of the blue-and-white porcelain from Wun Yiu was exported to Southeast Asia.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.529
Mong Kok's land and water resources gave rise to light industries such as laundry and cloth dyeing, driving continuous population growth.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.250
At a site in the hills behind Wun Yiu Village in Tai Po, now called "Da Nai Tung", china clay mining was formerly carried out.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.137
The tungsten mine on the northwestern slope of Ho Chung Village in Sai Kung was intermittently worked in small quantities by non-local people from after the end of the First World War until the 1950s.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.120
The total quantity of sand and gravel extracted in the area west of West Po Toi Island amounted to 28 million cubic metres.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.158
The tungsten mine at Needle Hill eventually ceased operation owing to the commencement of the Shing Mun Tunnels project.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.98
In Sai Kung District, the lime-burning industry was concentrated in Sheung Yiu and Hoi Ha, while Kau Sai Chau and Yim Tin Tsai were the core sites of the district's salt industry.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.133
After the Western Han eliminated the Zhao regime of Nanyue in 111 BC, a salt office was established in Panyu, and the salt fields within Hong Kong's territory were placed under its control; as early as 119 BC, the imperial court had already implemented a state monopoly on salt and iron.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.93
As various works within the area from Pok Fu Lam Road to Shan Road were progressively launched, the demand for labour was substantial, driving an increase in the number of residents in the Western Corner area.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.247
After Western cement was imported into Hong Kong, the local lime-burning industry gradually declined.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.529
Quartz veins were formerly mined at locations including Lai Chi Kok, as well as Needle Hill, Mai Po, Siu Lam, Pak Kok, Sheung Kwai Chung, Sha Tin Tung Lo Wan, Mong Tung Hang on Lantau Island, and also Mong Hau Shek and Cheung Shu Tau.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.134
In the past, fishermen in eastern Hong Kong dived to catch high-value molluscs such as abalone and scallops.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.425
Today only the Mai Po Nature Reserve retains gei wai, where gei wai shrimps are reared to provide food for migratory birds.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.417
Among Hong Kong's current natural resource extraction activities, only sea sand extraction is still in operation.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.105
After Hong Kong was captured by Japanese forces, many industrial factories and retail shops ceased operation and closed.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.506
Hong Kong fishing boats were mostly found around Sai Kung, Aberdeen and Tai Po.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.276
Hong Kong not only cultivated incense trees and produced Guanxiang, but also handled the centralised transport and export of incense products from Dongguan County.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.529
In the early period when Hong Kong became a trading port, Stanley had already developed into a thriving fishing town, where more than 350 vessels of various types were permanently moored.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.38
Areas such as Hong Kong Village, Wong Nai Chung, So Kon Po and Pok Fu Lam had better soil and were major farming areas; a considerable number of residents around Shek Pai Wan also made a living by cultivation.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.530
Hong Kong is rich in granite resources, and even before the arrival of the British forces, residents on the island were already engaged in quarrying.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.530
Hong Kong's economic growth and residents' living standards are constrained by persistently high property and land prices.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.45
Hong Kong's economic development faces multiple constraints, including a tendency toward a single industrial structure, a high reliance on the service industry, and no obvious advantages in innovation and technology and high-end manufacturing.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.44
One of Hong Kong's agricultural core areas was the Yuen Long Plain, where rice cultivation was the focus and the Yuen Long silk rice produced was once exported to overseas markets.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.153
Hong Kong's original landscape was changed by farmland development, the introduction of foreign cash crops and clay extraction.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.228
Hong Kong is mountainous with abundant, high-quality granite outcrops, which favoured the development of the quarrying industry.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.98
Most of Hong Kong's metallic minerals were formed by Mesozoic magmatic activity, and some were once commercially mined.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境（香港地方志中心） · p.234
Hong Kong's economy went through six successive stages: starting from a traditional economy, then developing as an entrepôt trade port, then industrialisation, followed by industrial diversification, then the servitisation of the economy, and finally moving towards a high value-added service economy.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.37
There are several high-quality kaolin deposits in Hong Kong, located at Cha Kwo Ling, Tai Po, and Chek Lap Kok and Tsing Yi, with scattered deposits in the northwest as well.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.135
Hong Kong residents also participated in the establishment of special economic zones, covering areas such as overall planning, drafting regulations, and initiating various affairs.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.46
Hong Kong farmers reclaimed lowland areas, draining water from river valleys in order to switch to rice cultivation.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.228
Hong Kong farmers built weirs on rivers and streams to store water for irrigation, such as Shek Wu Pai and Ho Sheung Heung Pai.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.228
When Hong Kong businessmen first went to the mainland for development, their investment projects were generally small in scale, low in technological level, quick to recoup capital, and relatively profitable.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.46
When Hong Kong's lime industry flourished, fishermen burned dried starfish together with oyster shells to make lime for use as fertiliser and building material.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.432
Iron ore mining in Hong Kong was mainly of magnetite, with Ma On Shan being the largest producing area.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.121
Hong Kong purse-seine fishing vessels generally use lights to attract and gather squid before catching them.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.425
Hong Kong's pearl farming industry was shelved due to issues such as the construction of Plover Cove Reservoir and frequent typhoons.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.425
In the early period of British rule in Hong Kong, foreign trade expanded rapidly, which led to the gradual rise of the comprador profession.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.456
Hong Kong fishermen used to go to sea from January to May each year to catch purple sea urchins.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.433
The population growth of Aberdeen was less than that of Shau Kei Wan because the dockyard there was poorly run.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.247
As a free port, Hong Kong allowed ships to enter and leave without being bound by Qing regulations, and the opium trade thus became its main economic lifeline.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.531
Crab pots remained a commonly used fishing gear in Hong Kong's fisheries, with relatively little environmental impact.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.417
Limestone was once mined at Cheung Pai Tau in northern Hong Kong, with very limited output.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境（香港地方志中心） · p.235
Several graphite prospecting licences were issued for the northwestern New Territories and places such as Chau Tau, Lo Wu, Tai Shek Mo, Pak Shek Au and Lok Ma Chau.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.131
More than thirty mines were once worked in western New Territories, mainly for quartz and kaolin.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.134
After the New Territories were leased by Britain, Sai Kung Hui and Hang Hau Hui became transport and commercial hubs.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.134
After the New Territories were leased to Britain, small industries such as lime, kerosene, ceramics and shipbuilding appeared in Tsing Yi.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.125
In the 1960s, the Hong Kong government opened up an industrial area on the original site of Po Kong Village and named it San Po Kong.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.113
After the outbreak of the First World War, the supply of goods was disrupted, and Hong Kong therefore turned to locally manufactured textiles and light industrial products.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.533
After the end of the First World War, German firms gradually resumed their commercial activities in Hong Kong, but their share remained far below the pre-war level.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.482
The Silver Mine Bay mine used a dam 100 metres above for hydroelectric power, which drove equipment such as the mining winch and pumps.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.112
On the western side of the Silver Mine Bay mining area there is a shaft, known locally as the Japanese shaft, measuring 2.5 metres by 4 metres.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.112
Because silver shrimps swim near the surface after nightfall, fishermen took advantage of the night to catch them with fine-meshed trawls in the waters around Po Toi Mei, Ha Mei, Cheung Chau Tau and Yam O.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.417
After the British took over Hong Kong, they promoted commercial activity, which led people of different backgrounds to come and settle, and to take part in infrastructure and various industries.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.184
Before the British occupation, agriculture in the Hong Kong region had already reached a certain scale; some prominent clans in the New Territories, besides holding extensive farmland there, also owned considerable fields on Hong Kong Island, which they rented out to tenant farmers.
來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》（公元前 5000 年至 2017 年，共 6,500 多條大事）（香港地方志中心） · p.38
From the end of the Second World War until the 1970s, Hong Kong's textile and garment manufacturing industries were centred on Sham Shui Po.
來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況（人口）（香港地方志中心） · p.111
From the end of the Second World War until the late 1970s, various types of metallic and non-metallic minerals were mined in Hong Kong.
來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態（香港地方志中心） · p.105
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