Chronicle Archive / 志錄

未繫年志錄

Hong Kong Chronicle Archive · undated entries

以下條目原文冇西曆年份(例如只記年號或朝代),故不列入時間軸,但同樣有官方來源同頁碼。 未繫年條目共 7718 條,每頁 200 條,呢度係第 21 / 39 頁。

These entries carry no Gregorian year in the source (e.g. only an era name), so they sit outside the timeline — but each still has an official source and page number. There are 7718 of them, 200 per page; this is page 21 of 39.

逐年條目見 志錄索引;志錄總數 36501 條。 Dated entries live in the archive index; the archive holds 36501 entries in total.

未繫年條目(第 21 頁)

Undated entries, page 21

引用每條都可以引用:按條目下面嘅「引用呢條」,可以揀中文腳註/中文參考書目/APA/Chicago 四種格式並複製。 書名、出版者、年份同頁碼一律由已登記來源同生成檔派生,頁面一條都唔會手寫;年份取來源登記嘅出版年, 來源未登記出版年嘅,引文改用查閱日期並寫明。

Every entry is citable. Press “Cite this entry” for a Chinese footnote, Chinese bibliography, APA or Chicago note — all derived from the registered source and the generated archive, never hand-written. If a registered source has no publication year, the citation prints the access date and says so.

冇 JavaScript 都用得:來源書目模板 / Source patterns (no JavaScript needed)

《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口) Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Territory, Geography and Population

中文腳註香港地方志中心,《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(查閱日期 2026-10-18),頁 〈頁碼〉,/chronicle/archive/undated/21#〈條目編號〉。

APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Territory, Geography and Population (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/21#〈條目編號〉

《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Resources and Ecology

中文腳註香港地方志中心,《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(查閱日期 2026-10-18),頁 〈頁碼〉,/chronicle/archive/undated/21#〈條目編號〉。

APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Resources and Ecology (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/21#〈條目編號〉

《香港志·自然》自然環境 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Environment

中文腳註香港地方志中心,《香港志·自然》自然環境(查閱日期 2026-10-18),頁 〈頁碼〉,/chronicle/archive/undated/21#〈條目編號〉。

APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Natural Environment (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/21#〈條目編號〉

《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事) Hong Kong Chronicles: Overview and Chronology (c. 5000 BC–2017, over 6,500 events)

中文腳註香港地方志中心,《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事),2020,頁 〈頁碼〉,/chronicle/archive/undated/21#〈條目編號〉。

APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute (2020). Hong Kong Chronicles: Overview and Chronology (c. 5000 BC–2017, over 6,500 events) (p. 〈頁碼〉). /chronicle/archive/undated/21#〈條目編號〉

《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育 Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Environmental Protection and Conservation

中文腳註香港地方志中心,《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(查閱日期 2026-10-18),頁 〈頁碼〉,/chronicle/archive/undated/21#〈條目編號〉。

APAHong Kong Chronicles Institute. Hong Kong Chronicles, Nature: Environmental Protection and Conservation (p. 〈頁碼〉). Accessed 2026-10-18. /chronicle/archive/undated/21#〈條目編號〉

Substitute the entry’s page number and ID (shown as 〈頁碼〉/〈條目編號〉) into the pattern above. The same templates, plus rules and limits, are in the citation block of /api/v1/archive.json.

清初實行海禁,香港的漁業大為衰退。

With the maritime prohibition in the early Qing, the fishing industry in Hong Kong declined greatly.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.527

清初推行遷界,香港全境被劃入遷界範圍之內。

When the coastal evacuation was implemented in the early Qing dynasty, the whole of Hong Kong was included within the evacuation zone.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.187

清初政府頒布遷海令,全縣內鹽田其後陸續撤廢,製鹽行業因而日漸式微。

In the early Qing dynasty, the government issued the sea evacuation order, and the salt fields throughout the county were subsequently abandoned one after another, causing the salt-making industry to decline gradually.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.163

清初製灰業因遷界令受到打擊,遷海復界後迅速復蘇。

In the early Qing, the lime-burning industry was hit by the boundary evacuation order and recovered rapidly after the boundary was restored.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.528

清代初期解除遷界禁令、恢復界外居民原籍之後,客家族群分批移居沙田區,並於該處建立村落。

After the Qing government lifted the coastal evacuation order in the early Qing period and allowed residents outside the boundary to return to their original places of origin, Hakka communities moved into Sha Tin District in batches and established villages there.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.138

清代的遷界措施導致香港居民喪失居所、流離失所,廣東巡撫王來任曾透過〈展界復鄉疏〉向朝廷陳述此一狀況。

The Qing dynasty's boundary evacuation measures caused Hong Kong residents to lose their homes and become displaced, and the Guangdong provincial governor Wang Lairan stated this situation to the imperial court through the 'Memorial on Restoring the Boundaries and Rebuilding the Villages'.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.591

清代嘉慶年間編修的《新安縣志》,收錄了明代與清代新安縣歷任知縣,以及官富司巡檢的人員名單。

The Xin'an County Gazetteer compiled during the Jiaqing reign of the Qing dynasty includes lists of successive magistrates of Xin'an County and inspectors of the Guanfu Office from the Ming and Qing dynasties.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.529

清代嘉慶年間編纂的《新安縣志》收錄了多項關於海洋的資料,涵蓋後海、合連海、獨鼇洋、急水門以及鯉魚門等地。

The Xin'an County Gazetteer compiled during the Jiaqing reign of the Qing dynasty includes various records on the sea, covering places such as Houhai, Helianhai, Du'aoyang, Jishuimen and Lei Yue Mun.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.535

清代嘉慶年間刊行的《新安縣志》,載錄了該縣在每月各日及春夏秋冬四季之中,潮水漲退所呈現之規律與特徵。

The Xin'an County Gazetteer published during the Jiaqing reign of the Qing dynasty records the patterns and characteristics of tidal ebb and flow for each day of the month and the four seasons.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.535

清代文獻稱維多利亞港為尖沙咀洋麵,或稱中門。

Qing dynasty documents called Victoria Harbour Tsim Sha Tsui Yeung Min, or Chung Mun.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.55

清嘉慶年間編修的《新安縣志》記述包括今香港在內縣屬範圍的潮汐,載有中曆三十天每日及四季的漲潮時段。

The Xin'an County Gazetteer compiled during the Jiaqing reign of the Qing dynasty describes the tides of the county including present-day Hong Kong, recording the flood tide periods for each of the thirty days of the Chinese calendar and the four seasons.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.487

清康熙年間遷海復界後,客家人移居本區,陸續建立多條主要村落,包括荃灣老圍、海壩村及楊屋村。

After the coastal evacuation and the lifting of the boundary ban during the Kangxi reign of the Qing dynasty, Hakka people moved into the district and successively established several major villages, including Tsuen Wan Old Wai, Hoi Pa Village and Yeung Uk Village.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.145

清亡後,北洋政府與國民政府曾提出取回新界,但因英國強烈反對而未能成事。

After the fall of the Qing dynasty, the Beiyang Government and the Nationalist Government proposed taking back the New Territories, but failed due to strong British opposition.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.69

清政府在遷海復界之後,招攬客籍農民前赴香港開墾荒地。

After the Qing government lifted the coastal evacuation and restored the boundary, it recruited Hakka farmers to reclaim wasteland in Hong Kong.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.182

清中葉,牛池灣、大磡等地出現以客籍居民為主的村落,居民務農及採石為生。

In the mid-Qing period, villages mainly of Hakka residents appeared in Ngau Chi Wan, Tai Hom and other places, where residents lived by farming and quarrying.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.111

清中葉時期,牛池灣與大磡等村落於黃大仙區形成,居民以客籍人士佔多數。

In the mid-Qing period, villages such as Ngau Chi Wan and Tai Hom formed in Wong Tai Sin District, with residents mostly of Hakka origin.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.112

人口變動曾受官方措施影響,例子包括清初的遷海與復界,還有日佔時期強制「歸鄉」。

Population changes were affected by official measures, examples being the coastal evacuation and boundary restoration in the early Qing and the forced "return to the homeland" during the Japanese occupation.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.185

人類定居香港已有至少千年歷史,長期影響當地自然環境與生物多樣性。

Humans have settled in Hong Kong for at least a thousand years, long affecting its natural environment and biodiversity.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.452

日佔期間,日軍曾在蓮麻坑進行小規模採礦作業。

During the Japanese occupation, the Japanese army carried out small-scale mining operations at Lin Ma Hang.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.108

日佔期間,日軍接管香港天文台總部,台務一度停頓。

During the Japanese occupation, the Japanese military took over the headquarters of the Hong Kong Observatory, and its operations were temporarily suspended.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.365

日佔期間,香港居民死亡大多歸因於飢餓和不人道對待。

During the Japanese occupation, most deaths among Hong Kong residents were attributed to starvation and inhumane treatment.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.353

日佔期間,香港推行糧食配給及統營政策,物資匱乏,蔬菜、花生麩、豆腐渣成主食。

During the Japanese occupation, Hong Kong implemented food rationing and monopoly policies, and with supplies scarce, vegetables, peanut bran and tofu dregs became staple foods.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.596

日佔期間,醫療設施和藥物短缺,醫院被軍方徵用。

During the Japanese occupation, medical facilities and medicines were in short supply, and hospitals were requisitioned by the military.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.353

日佔時期,東江縱隊港九獨立大隊在本港境內所設的多個關鍵據點之中,北區亦為其中之一。

During the Japanese occupation, among the many key strongholds set up in Hong Kong by the Hong Kong-Kowloon Independent Brigade of the East River Column, the North District was one of them.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.129

日佔時期,霍亂以外的急性傳染病(包括傷寒、痢疾、白喉)致死個案偏少。

During the Japanese occupation, deaths from acute infectious diseases other than cholera, including typhoid, dysentery and diphtheria, were relatively few.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.353

日佔時期,日本當局禁止居民砍樹,卻砍伐大量工業及柴薪用樹木運回日本。

During the Japanese occupation, the Japanese authorities prohibited residents from cutting trees, yet cut down large quantities of trees for industrial and firewood use to ship back to Japan.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.65

日佔時期,日佔政府規定華裔居民須於「居住屆」填報籍貫,但相關數據並無對外公佈。

During the Japanese occupation, the Japanese occupation government required Chinese residents to report their place of origin in the 'Residence Register', but the relevant data were not publicly released.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.295

日佔時期,樹木被大量砍伐作工業及柴薪用途,戰前植林成果幾乎摧毀。

During the Japanese occupation, trees were heavily felled for industrial and firewood use, almost destroying the pre-war afforestation results.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.62

日佔時期,香港、九龍、新界各自設立1個地區事務所,並由該3個事務所分別管轄區政所及自治委員會。

During the Japanese occupation, one district office was established each in Hong Kong, Kowloon and the New Territories, and these three offices separately administered district affairs offices and self-government committees.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.63

日佔時期,香港的馬尾松被大量砍伐。

During the Japanese occupation, Hong Kong's masson pines were heavily felled.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.73

日佔時期,香港居民須向憲兵隊提交申請書,方可入境或離港。

During the Japanese occupation, Hong Kong residents had to submit an application to the gendarmerie in order to enter or leave Hong Kong.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.385

日佔時期,政府提倡設立娛樂區與慰安區,且於這些區域內重新準許公娼營業。

During the Japanese occupation, the government promoted the establishment of entertainment districts and comfort districts, and re-permitted licensed prostitution in these areas.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.537

日佔時期,政府推動設立娛樂區與慰安區,同時在這些區域內重新準許公娼營業。

During the Japanese occupation, the government promoted the establishment of entertainment districts and comfort districts, and at the same time re-permitted licensed prostitution in these areas.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.536

日佔香港期間,當局推行歸鄉措施,迫使近百萬香港居民離開本地。

During the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong, the authorities carried out a repatriation policy that forced nearly one million Hong Kong residents to leave.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.180

日佔政府管治期間,以大幅縮減人口規模為其人口政策的首要目標。

During the Japanese occupation, the primary objective of the government's population policy was to drastically reduce the population size.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.715

日佔政府透過人口登記及《戶口規則》建立「戶口原簿」,僅被載入該名冊的人士方可取得居留資格。

The Japanese occupation government established a "household original register" through population registration and the Household Regulations, and only persons entered in that register could obtain residency qualification.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.389

容閎長子容覲彤曾在蓮麻坑經營礦山八年。

Yung Hin-tung, the eldest son of Yung Wing, ran a mine at Lin Ma Hang for eight years.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.129

三國時期,吳國在珠江口一帶設司鹽校尉,管理東部鹽場。

During the Three Kingdoms period, the state of Wu established a Salt Administration Colonel in the Pearl River Estuary area to manage the eastern salt fields.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.23

沈嘉端根據香樂思的採集,編著《香港的蟹類》系列論文。

Shen Jiaduan authored the series of papers 'The Crabs of Hong Kong' based on the collections of Herklots.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.406

省港大罷工所產生的作用,在一定程度上關聯到北伐戰爭得以順利推進,以及國民政府順利收回漢口英租界這兩件事。

The effect of the Canton-Hong Kong General Strike was to some extent connected to the smooth progress of the Northern Expedition and the Nationalist Government's successful recovery of the British concession in Hankou.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.65

十九世紀,海下灣一帶設有四個石灰窰,成為香港石灰業重地。

In the nineteenth century, four lime kilns were established around Hoi Ha Wan, making it an important site of Hong Kong's lime industry.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.441

十九世紀,沙田區村落統稱「瀝源九約」。

In the nineteenth century, the villages of the Sha Tin area were collectively known as the 'Lek Yuen Nine Yeuks'.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.138

十九世紀初年,歐美訪客的紀錄多形容香港山坡光禿荒蕪。

In the early nineteenth century, records by European and American visitors mostly described Hong Kong's hillsides as bare and barren.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.63

十九世紀初期,外國商船曾於瀑布灣公園內的瀑布取水,而該瀑布為「新安八景」其中一景。

In the early nineteenth century, foreign merchant ships drew water from the waterfall in Waterfall Bay Park, which was one of the 'Eight Scenes of Xin'an'.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.91

十九世紀末至二十世紀初,克爾貝爾發表新種角眼拜佛蟹。

From the late nineteenth to the early twentieth century, Koelbel described a new species of the crab Ilyoplax.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.406

十九世紀起,歐美學者參與香港蕨類研究,採集與記錄趨向系統化。

From the 19th century, European and American scholars participated in the study of Hong Kong ferns, and collection and recording became more systematic.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.470

十九世紀為香港蕨類植物有系統研究的開端。

The nineteenth century marked the beginning of systematic study of ferns in Hong Kong.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.470

十九世紀英國佔領香港島後,島上大規模建設令石材需求大增。

After the British occupied Hong Kong Island in the nineteenth century, large-scale construction on the island greatly increased the demand for stone.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.140

十九世紀至今,威廉胡克、貝克、司密斯等本地與外地學者研究香港蕨類。

From the 19th century to the present, local and foreign scholars such as William Hooker, Baker and Smith have studied Hong Kong ferns.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.470

十九世紀中期起,中外地質學者開始對華南地質作較系統的研究。

From the mid-nineteenth century, Chinese and foreign geologists began to conduct more systematic research on the geology of South China.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.224

石鼓壟村民曾使用水井,該井位於黃大仙文化公園,歷史至少100多年。

Villagers of Shek Kwu Lung once used a well located in Wong Tai Sin Culture Park, which is at least over 100 years old.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.457

石排灣因販運香品而被稱為香港,意即香的港口。

Shek Pai Wan was called Hong Kong, meaning the port of incense, because of the trading of incense products.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.498

時至今日,大澳與西貢一帶仍可找到的鹽田,絕大多數已成為遺跡,當中僅鹽田梓經過修復。

Today, most of the salt pans still found around Tai O and Sai Kung have become relics, and only Yim Tin Tsai has been restored.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.164

事件平息後,吳祚與他人共同向當時擔任廣東海道副使的劉穩陳情,要求在該處設立縣治。

After the incident subsided, Ng Cho and others jointly petitioned Liu Wen, then serving as Guangdong's Deputy Maritime Defence Commissioner, to establish a county administration there.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.32

適廬位於元朗十八鄉楊家村,於抗戰時期作為「秘密大營救」的中轉站。

Shik Lo is located in Yeung Ka Tsuen, Shap Pat Heung, Yuen Long, and served as a transit station for the 'secret great rescue' during the War of Resistance.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.153

受長江流域文化影響,此階段除繼續使用石錛等既有工具外,亦新出現磨製箭鏃、大型石鉞,以及環、玦等器物。

Influenced by the culture of the Yangtze River basin, at this stage, besides continuing to use existing tools such as stone adzes, polished arrowheads, large stone yue axes, and objects such as rings and jue appeared for the first time.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.92

宋朝時期,香港地區的行政管轄先後隸屬於廣南東路廣州增城縣與東莞縣。

During the Song dynasty, the administrative jurisdiction over the Hong Kong region successively belonged to Zengcheng County and Dongguan County of Guangzhou, Guangnan East Circuit.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.205

宋代分為北宋與南宋兩個階段,期間官方曾分別於大奚山及官富場周邊地區設置負責鹽務的行政機構。

The Song dynasty was divided into the Northern Song and Southern Song periods, during which the authorities established administrative offices responsible for salt affairs in the areas around Tai Hai Shan and Guanfu Chang respectively.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.23

宋代期間,香港居民除種植稻米、蔬菜、水果與茶葉外,也飼養家禽。

During the Song dynasty, besides growing rice, vegetables, fruit and tea, Hong Kong residents also kept poultry.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.528

宋明時期,中原氏族遷居今新界一帶。

During the Song and Ming periods, clans from the Central Plains migrated to the present-day New Territories area.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.493

宋至明代,中原人士遷入新界,在較肥沃的平原建立村落。

From the Song to the Ming dynasty, people from the Central Plains migrated into the New Territories and established villages on the more fertile plains.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.187

隋朝時期,香港地區一直屬寶安縣管轄。

During the Sui dynasty, the Hong Kong region remained under the administration of Bao'an County.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.204

隨著秦朝於嶺南推行郡縣制度,當地古越族居民逐步被納入戶籍,成為編戶齊民。

As the Qin dynasty implemented the commandery and county system in Lingnan, the local ancient Yue people were gradually incorporated into the household register and became registered commoners.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.375

孫權於魏黃初二年(221)向曹魏稱臣,受冊封為吳王,其時香港地區歸魏國南海郡番禺縣治理。

In the 2nd year of the Huangchu era of Wei (221), Sun Quan declared himself a vassal to Cao Wei and was enfeoffed as King of Wu, and at that time the Hong Kong region was administered under Panyu County, Nanhai Commandery, Wei.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.40

孫中山曾三度遭香港政府引用一條1871年的驅逐危險分子條例遞解離港。

Sun Yat-sen was deported from Hong Kong three times by the Hong Kong government under an 1871 ordinance for the expulsion of dangerous persons.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.392

引用名稱法例/計劃 《1871年驅逐危險分子條例》(The Deportation of Dangerous Characters Ordinance 1871)

孫中山曾在香港成立多個革命團體,使這座城市在頗長歲月裏,成為革命運動的領導核心及運作基地。

Sun Yat-sen founded several revolutionary organisations in Hong Kong, making the city the leading core and operational base of the revolutionary movement for a considerable period.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.63

孫中山的革命理念在香港萌芽,他亦於此處與同志創立革命團體、募集經費、進行革命宣傳,並謀劃武裝起義。

Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary ideas germinated in Hong Kong, where he also founded revolutionary organisations with comrades, raised funds, conducted revolutionary propaganda and planned armed uprisings.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.63

孫中山於少年至青年階段在港接受教育,先完成兩年中學課程,其後再花五年修讀大學。

Sun Yat-sen received his education in Hong Kong from adolescence to youth, first completing two years of secondary schooling and then spending five years studying at university.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.63

孫中山於香港西醫書院求學期間,何啟為其授業老師;孫氏日後革命理念之萌發,亦源於何啟的引導。

While Sun Yat-sen was studying at the Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese, Ho Kai was his teacher; the later germination of Sun's revolutionary ideas also stemmed from Ho Kai's guidance.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.63

孫中山於中西區內策劃和籌組革命事務,逗留時間相對較長。

Sun Yat-sen planned and organised revolutionary affairs in the Central and Western District, where he stayed for a relatively long period.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.82

踏入清代,因遷海與復界之故,製鹽產業逐步走向沒落,當時鹽田集中分佈於山貝河起、延伸至后海灣的沿岸區域。

Entering the Qing dynasty, due to the coastal evacuation and the lifting of the boundary, the salt industry gradually declined, and at that time salt fields were concentrated along the coastal area from Shan Pui River to Deep Bay.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.164

踏入宋元兩代,製鹽改採日曬方式,令香港的鹽業更趨蓬勃。

Entering the Song and Yuan dynasties, salt production switched to sun-drying, making Hong Kong's salt industry flourish further.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.528

踏入元代與明代,香港境內的鹽場陸續遭到廢除,或與其他鹽場整合。

In the Yuan and Ming dynasties, the salt fields within Hong Kong were successively abolished or merged with other salt fields.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.26

太平山頂的觀測站遭到摧毀,蚊尾洲燈塔亦因戰火而受損嚴重,導致天氣觀測無法重新運作。

The observatory on Victoria Peak was destroyed, and the Waglan Island lighthouse was also severely damaged by the war, so that weather observations could not resume.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.251

太平天國運動期間,不少富商遷居香港。

During the Taiping Rebellion, many wealthy merchants moved to Hong Kong.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.552

太平洋戰爭前,香港大學講師邦尼及香樂思採集甲殼類標本,存入大英博物館。

Before the Pacific War, University of Hong Kong lecturers Bunnie and Herklots collected crustacean specimens, which were deposited in the British Museum.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.406

太平洋戰爭前後,香港民眾對柴薪需求殷切,導致大量林木被伐。

Around the time of the Pacific War, the people of Hong Kong had a keen demand for firewood, leading to the felling of large quantities of trees.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.216

唐朝期間,中央政府於屯門設置名為「屯門鎮」的軍事據點,用以守衛珠江口周邊區域。

During the Tang dynasty, the central government set up a military stronghold called Tuen Mun Town at Tuen Mun to guard the area around the Pearl River estuary.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.23

唐朝時期,朝廷於廣州設立市舶使一職,負責處理海上外交事務及對外貿易事宜。

During the Tang dynasty, the imperial court established the post of Maritime Trade Commissioner in Guangzhou to handle maritime diplomatic affairs and foreign trade.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.33

唐代官方於屯門設置軍事據點,並派駐二千名士兵。

In the Tang dynasty, the authorities set up a military post at Tuen Mun and stationed two thousand soldiers there.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.149

唐代劉禹錫《沓潮歌》的典故,見於清康熙及嘉慶兩朝編纂的《新安縣志》之中。

The allusion in Liu Yuxi's 'Tide upon Tide Song' of the Tang dynasty is found in the Xin'an County Gazetteer compiled during the Kangxi and Jiaqing reigns of the Qing dynasty.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.535

唐代至德二載(757)起,香港地區歸東莞縣管轄。

From the second year of the Zhide reign of the Tang dynasty (757), the Hong Kong area came under the administration of Dongguan County.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.48

唐乾元元年(758),廣州恢復設立,取代南海郡的行政地位,東莞縣仍歸廣州管轄。

In the first year of the Qianyuan reign of the Tang dynasty (758), Guangzhou was re-established, replacing Nanhai Commandery administratively, and Dongguan County remained under Guangzhou's jurisdiction.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.42

唐宋年間,青山灣為廣州外港,海上絲綢之路必經之港。

During the Tang and Song dynasties, Castle Peak Bay was an outer port of Guangzhou and a port on the maritime Silk Road.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.149

唐武德四年(621),唐朝平定蕭銑後,把南海郡改設為廣州,該州所領五縣為南海、增城、清遠、政賓及寶安。

In the fourth year of the Wude era of the Tang dynasty (621), after the Tang suppressed Xiao Xian, Nanhai Commandery was reconstituted as Guangzhou, which governed five counties: Nanhai, Zengcheng, Qingyuan, Zhengbin and Bao'an.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.41

同一時期,諸如大型玉石戈、牙璋等具禮儀用途的器物開始出現;其製作技藝、形制特點,連同刻劃的方格紋樣,皆承襲中原地區二里頭與商代玉石禮器的風格。

In the same period, ritual objects such as large jade ge blades and jade zhang sceptres began to appear; their craftsmanship, formal features and incised grid patterns all followed the style of jade ritual objects of the Erlitou and Shang periods in the Central Plains.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.93

屯門海戰是中國對抗西方殖民主義侵略期間最早發生的海上戰鬥。

The Battle of Tuen Mun was the earliest naval battle fought by China against Western colonial aggression.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.149

屯門區的青山農場,於清末既是起義籌備之所,亦為善後工作之地;辛亥革命策動者並以屯門區作為在港重要據點。

Castle Peak Farm in Tuen Mun District was both a place for preparing an uprising and a site for rehabilitation work in the late Qing; the instigators of the Xinhai Revolution also used Tuen Mun District as an important base in Hong Kong.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.149

屯門掃管笏、元朗錦田、大埔林村、西貢蠔涌,以及后海灣南岸一帶,均屬新石器時代晚期先民聚居範圍。

So Kwun Wat in Tuen Mun, Kam Tin in Yuen Long, Lam Tsuen in Tai Po, Ho Chung in Sai Kung and the southern shore of Deep Bay were all areas inhabited by late Neolithic peoples.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.231

屯門巡檢司於元代初期在屯門區設立,負責管轄今香港一帶。

The Tuen Mun Inspection Office was established in the Tuen Mun area in the early Yuan dynasty and was responsible for administering present-day Hong Kong.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.149

王寬誠身兼第六屆全國政協委員,並在基本法諮委會執行委員會出任副主任,同時創辦了王寬誠教育基金。

Wang Kuancheng was a member of the Sixth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, served as deputy director of the Executive Committee of the Basic Law Consultative Committee, and founded the Wang Kuancheng Education Fund.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.469

王韜透過創立《循環日報》並刊載眾多政論文章,藉此推廣其維新變法之政治理念。

Wang Tao promoted his political ideas of reform through founding the Tsun Wan Yat Po and publishing numerous political commentaries.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.62

威廉斯從史考費太太處獲得史考費的回憶錄手稿。

Williams obtained Mrs. Shuck's manuscript memoir of Shuck.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.228

維多利亞城內華人與歐洲人分區居住,上市場及下市場劃作華人商住區。

In the City of Victoria, Chinese and Europeans lived in separate districts, with the Upper Market and Lower Market designated as Chinese commercial and residential areas.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.736

位於大埔的碗窰村,其淵源可上溯到明代中葉時期。

Wun Yiu Village in Tai Po traces its origins to the mid-Ming period.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.137

位於宋皇臺站、屬宋元時期之「J2古井」,以十層花崗巖砌成,為香港迄今出土年代最久遠的水井。

The J2 ancient well of the Song-Yuan period at Sung Wong Toi Station, built with ten layers of granite, is the oldest well unearthed in Hong Kong to date.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.457

位於新界西貢海的西貢鹽田梓,其島上客家村落於十九世紀初已開始經營鹽業,並由一對寶安籍夫婦傳入製鹽及曬鹽的相關技術。

On Yim Tin Tsai in Sai Kung Hoi in the New Territories, the island's Hakka village had already begun operating a salt industry in the early nineteenth century, and the techniques of salt making and sun-drying were introduced by a couple from Bao'an.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.164

位於鰂魚涌的石礦場在十九世紀期間進行花崗巖開採作業,其後因填海工程而停止運作並遭棄置。

The quarry at Quarry Bay carried out granite extraction during the nineteenth century, and later ceased operation and was abandoned because of reclamation works.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.153

為八路軍及新四軍籌募捐款與物資,乃八路軍駐香港辦事處的首要任務。

Raising donations and supplies for the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army was the primary task of the Eighth Route Army's Hong Kong office.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.66

為了促進城市與港口建設,香港政府當時急需眾多石匠參與樓房及各類基礎設施的興建。

To promote urban and port construction, the Hong Kong government urgently needed many stonemasons to participate in the building of houses and various infrastructure.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.294

為配合啟德機場的擴建計劃,日佔政府下令鄰近的居民及工廠遷走,受影響地帶包括太子道至宋皇臺範圍與九龍城區。

To coordinate with the Kai Tak Airport expansion plan, the Japanese occupation government ordered nearby residents and factories to relocate, with the affected areas including the stretch from Prince Edward Road to Sung Wong Toi and the Kowloon City area.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.445

瘟疫過後,香港政府頒令清拆太平山區絕大多數建築物,並於原址重新興建,導致當地居民人數曾出現短暫減少。

After the plague, the Hong Kong government ordered the demolition of the vast majority of buildings in the Taipingshan district and their reconstruction on the same site, causing a temporary decline in the local population.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.247

汶川大地震之後,香港僅用一個多月時間,便籌得逾二十億元善款,並轉交災區。

After the Wenchuan earthquake, Hong Kong raised more than two billion dollars in relief funds in just over a month and handed them over to the disaster area.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.84

吳、李、陳三姓自東莞向南遷徙,其後建立衙前村。

The Wu, Li and Chen clans migrated southward from Dongguan and subsequently established Ya Qian Village.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.112

五代乾和年間,靖海都巡簡陳巡命工匠把杯渡禪師肖像鐫刻在瑞應巖上。

During the Qianhe reign of the Five Dynasties, Chen Xun, the Jinghai Du Xunjian, ordered craftsmen to engrave the portrait of Chan Master Beidu on Ruiying Rock.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.232

五代十國時期,香港地區已開始採集貝類珍珠。

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, the collection of shellfish pearls had already begun in the Hong Kong area.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.425

五四運動之後,華人民族意識逐步抬頭,香港海員大罷工及省港大罷工即於此背景下發生。

After the May Fourth Movement, Chinese national consciousness gradually rose, and the Hong Kong seamen's strike and the Canton-Hong Kong strike took place against this background.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.64

伍廷芳曾任李鴻章幕僚,參與洋務事務,其後出任清廷派駐美國、古巴及秘魯等地的公使。

Wu Tingfang once served on Li Hongzhang's staff and took part in self-strengthening affairs, and later became the Qing court's minister to the United States, Cuba and Peru, among other places.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.587

西漢初期,香港地區已出現農業耕作活動,大嶼山白芒遺址所發掘之農具可作為證明。

In the early Western Han period, agricultural cultivation already existed in the Hong Kong region, as evidenced by farming tools excavated at the Pak Mong site on Lantau Island.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.528

西式水泥輸入香港後,製灰業逐漸衰落。

After Western cement was imported into Hong Kong, the lime-burning industry gradually declined.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.528

下白泥碉堡由革命黨人於辛亥革命時期建成,並用作活動據點。

The Ha Pak Nai pillbox was built by revolutionaries during the Xinhai Revolution and used as an activity base.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.153

先民靠捕魚與打獵維生,其活動遺跡分佈於大嶼山、大埔、屯門以及香港島等地。

Early inhabitants lived by fishing and hunting, and traces of their activities are distributed in Lantau Island, Tai Po, Tuen Mun and Hong Kong Island.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.227

相傳清代有海盜張保仔匿藏贓物於長洲洞穴,該洞後稱張保仔洞。

Legend has it that in the Qing dynasty the pirate Cheung Po Tsai hid his loot in a cave on Cheung Chau, which was later called Cheung Po Tsai Cave.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.67

相關氣象設備於英國購入,並在運抵香港之前,交由英國喬城天文台負責監督儀器的比對工作。

The relevant meteorological equipment was purchased in Britain and, before being shipped to Hong Kong, was supervised by the Kew Observatory in Britain for instrument comparison.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.251

香港常見春秋時期夔紋與雲雷紋陶器,戰國時期則多見米字紋陶器;同類文物在廣東大陸逾200處遺址及五六十座墓葬均有出土,遠至江西、湖南、福建、廣西各省亦見相似器物。

In Hong Kong, kui pattern and cloud-and-thunder pattern pottery of the Spring and Autumn period is common, while rice-character pattern pottery is more common in the Warring States period; similar artefacts have been unearthed at over 200 sites and fifty to sixty tombs in mainland Guangdong, and similar objects are also found as far as Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian, and Guangxi provinces.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.47

香港出土的青銅時代銅器涵蓋斧、戈、劍、削、鏃等類別,風格與廣東地區同類文物相同,當中以兵器為主,禮器與容器甚為稀有。

Bronze objects of the Bronze Age unearthed in Hong Kong include axes, dagger-axes, swords, scrapers and arrowheads, with a style identical to similar artefacts from Guangdong; weapons predominate, while ritual vessels and containers are very rare.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.47

香港出土的新石器時代遺骸顯示,當時成年男性身高平均達162.8釐米。

Neolithic remains unearthed in Hong Kong show that adult males had an average height of 162.8 centimetres at that time.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.595

香港地區的潮汐情況,在清代康熙與嘉慶兩部《新安縣志》裏皆闢有專門篇章加以記載。

The tidal conditions of the Hong Kong area are recorded in dedicated sections in both the Kangxi and Jiaqing editions of the Xin'an County Gazetteer from the Qing dynasty.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.535

香港地區的動物情況,曾見於清代兩部《新安縣志》的物產記載之中。

The animal situation in the Hong Kong region was recorded in the products sections of the two Qing dynasty editions of the Xin'an County Gazetteer.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.301

香港地區自757年(唐肅宗至德二載)開始,歷五代、宋、元,至1572年(明隆慶六年),一直由東莞縣管轄。

From 757 (the second year of the Zhide reign of Emperor Suzong of Tang), through the Five Dynasties, Song, and Yuan, until 1572 (the sixth year of the Longqing reign of Ming), the Hong Kong region was continuously administered by Dongguan County.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.32

香港發現眾多唐代陶瓷窯址,成群排列,出土器物以生活用具為主。

Numerous Tang dynasty ceramic kiln sites have been found in Hong Kong, arranged in clusters, with excavated artefacts mainly consisting of everyday utensils.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.529

香港官辦鹽場一直運作至南宋末年。

The government-run salt fields in Hong Kong operated until the end of the Southern Song dynasty.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.26

香港境內不少地點均曾出土漢代文物,而這些考古發現主要見於西漢早期與東漢晚期。

Han dynasty artefacts have been unearthed at many locations within Hong Kong, and these archaeological finds are mainly dated to the early Western Han and the late Eastern Han.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.375

香港境內數處灰窰及鹽爐考古遺址均反映,昔日人們為取得燃料而大量砍伐林木,導致原生森林遭到損害。

Several kiln and salt furnace archaeological sites in Hong Kong show that people in the past cut down large quantities of trees for fuel, causing damage to the primary forest.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.63

香港舊窰遺址出土的青花白陶,年代約追溯至明代。

The blue-and-white porcelain unearthed at old kiln sites in Hong Kong dates roughly to the Ming dynasty.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.98

香港陸地曾覆蓋原始闊葉林,約在十七世紀時幾乎被完全砍掉。

The land of Hong Kong was once covered by primary broad-leaved forest, which was almost completely felled around the seventeenth century.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.130

香港淪陷期間,日本軍隊於青山西劣地進行林木採伐,用以修築防禦工事及軍事相關建築,令當地土壤侵蝕情況加劇。

During the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong, the Japanese military carried out logging at the badlands of Castle Peak to build defensive works and military-related structures, worsening soil erosion there.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.441

香港淪陷於日軍之後,粵劇戲班被指令須持續演出,而某些戲院亦安排粵劇作為放映節目。

After Hong Kong fell to the Japanese army, Cantonese opera troupes were instructed to continue performing, and some cinemas also arranged Cantonese opera as screening programmes.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.648

香港農民飼養雞、牛、豬等牲口,並焚燒和砍伐大片樹林以減少虎狼侵擾。

Hong Kong farmers raised livestock such as chickens, cattle and pigs, and burned and cut down large areas of forest to reduce tiger and wolf attacks.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.229

香港未現代化前,河流主要功能為灌溉;城市發展後,市區河道被拉直、擴闊或加深為人工排水渠。

Before Hong Kong's modernisation, rivers served mainly for irrigation; after urban development, urban watercourses were straightened, widened or deepened into artificial drainage channels.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.47

香港昔日曾將人畜排洩物收集處理,之後用作肥料。

In the past, Hong Kong collected and treated human and animal excreta, which was then used as fertiliser.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.172

香港昔日鹽田分佈地點包括大嶼山、屯門、大埔、沙頭角、西貢以及觀塘等多個地區。

Former salt fields in Hong Kong were distributed in various areas including Lantau Island, Tuen Mun, Tai Po, Sha Tau Kok, Sai Kung and Kwun Tong.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.164

香港先民於新石器時代中期、距今約7000年,已在本地從事勞動與生息。

In the middle Neolithic period, about 7,000 years ago, Hong Kong's ancestors already laboured and lived in the territory.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.47

香港鄉郊居民過往以蕨類作為燃料。

Rural residents in Hong Kong formerly used ferns as fuel.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.473

香港新石器時代女性成人顱容量達1283毫升。

The cranial capacity of a Neolithic female adult in Hong Kong reached 1,283 millilitres.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.595

香港新石器時代遺蹟和漢墓出土的陶瓷文物,年代可追溯至近五千多年前。

Pottery artifacts unearthed from Neolithic sites and Han tombs in Hong Kong date back to nearly five thousand years ago.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.98

香港鹽業最早可追溯至960年至1279年的宋代,當時大嶼山、屯門、九龍城及觀塘均設主要鹽場。

Hong Kong's salt industry can be traced back to the Song dynasty from 960 to 1279, when major salt fields were established at Lantau, Tuen Mun, Kowloon City and Kwun Tong.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.98

香港由政府經營的鹽場一直持續營運到宋代末年,進入元代與明代後,這些鹽場陸續遭到廢除或整併。

Government-operated salt fields in Hong Kong continued to operate until the end of the Song dynasty, and after entering the Yuan and Ming dynasties these salt fields were successively abolished or consolidated.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.164

香港由政府經營的鹽場一直持續運作到宋代末年,進入元代與明代之後,這些鹽場陸續遭到裁撤或整併。

Government-operated salt fields in Hong Kong continued to operate until the end of the Song dynasty, and after entering the Yuan and Ming dynasties, these salt fields were successively abolished or consolidated.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.163

香港在史前時期居住的先民,以捕撈魚類及各類海洋生物作為主要食糧。

The ancestors who lived in Hong Kong during prehistoric times relied mainly on fishing and various marine organisms for food.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.130

香港在英國管治初期,透過鑿山及小規範填海來獲取用地,鄰近市區的原生山嶺因而遭夷平。

In the early period of British rule, land in Hong Kong was obtained through hill cutting and small-scale reclamation, and native hills near urban areas were thereby levelled.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.36

香港製鹽活動源於西漢時期(前202—8),距今接近2000年。

Salt-making activities in Hong Kong originated in the Western Han period (202–8 BCE), nearly 2,000 years ago.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.163

香港最後一個持許可證運作的石礦場是平山石礦場,其開採的岩石直接運往啟德機場地盤。

The last quarry in Hong Kong operating with a licence was the Ping Shan Quarry, whose extracted rock was transported directly to the Kai Tak Airport site.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.153

新安縣於遷海復界之後,清廷推行墾荒獎勵措施,令農業經濟逐步復蘇,並連帶促進手工業與商業的成長。

After the coastal evacuation was lifted in Xin'an County, the Qing court implemented measures to encourage land reclamation, allowing the agricultural economy to recover gradually and in turn promoting the growth of handicrafts and commerce.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.457

新界居民抗拒英國接管,組織武裝反抗,最終於六日對抗中至少五百名村民犧牲。

New Territories residents resisted the British takeover and organised armed resistance, and in the end at least five hundred villagers died in six days of fighting.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.29

學術界以位於南丫島的大灣遺址,為這段時期的文化定名作「大灣文化」。

Academics named the culture of this period 'Tai Wan culture' after the Tai Wan site on Lamma Island.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.47

學術界有一種看法,指大灣文化所見的圈足盤、彩陶與白陶,乃經由長江流域中游的大溪文化,逐步流傳到環珠江口一帶。

One academic view holds that the ring-footed dishes, painted pottery and white pottery seen in the Tai Wan culture spread gradually to the Pearl River estuary area via the Daxi culture of the middle Yangtze River basin.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.47

學術研究顯示,該時期若干與外國人結婚之女子,會收養年幼女孩,繼而把她們訓練為性工作者,或使其成為外國男子之情婦。

Academic research shows that during that period some women who married foreigners would adopt young girls and then train them as sex workers or make them mistresses of foreign men.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.705

學者羅香林曾考證,於宋朝(960─1279)年間,東莞周邊區域與香港的瀝源(即今日沙田)以及沙螺灣(位於大嶼山西部),均曾有土沉香的大規模栽種。

The scholar Lo Hsiang-lin once verified that during the Song dynasty (960-1279), large-scale cultivation of agarwood took place in the area around Dongguan and in Hong Kong at Lek Yuen (present-day Sha Tin) and Sha Lo Wan (in western Lantau).

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.498

牙璋屬於禮儀性質的器物,其起源能夠上溯到黃河中下游一帶新石器時代後期之文化。

The ya zhang is a ceremonial object whose origins can be traced back to the late Neolithic culture of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.48

衙前村乃由吳、李、陳三個姓氏所創立,該三姓族人原居東莞,其後向南遷徙至此。

Nga Tsin Wai was founded by the Ng, Lee and Chan clans, whose ancestors originally lived in Dongguan and later migrated south to this place.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.111

衙前村於清朝雍正執政時期(1723—1735)增築圍牆,此後更名為衙前圍。

Nga Tsin Village was enclosed with additional walls during the reign of the Yongzheng Emperor of the Qing dynasty (1723–1735), after which it was renamed Nga Tsin Wai.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.112

一件人面紋銅劍於大嶼山石壁出土,其形制與清遠三坑東周墓及曲江石峽遺址上層所見銅劍幾乎一致。

A bronze sword with a human-face pattern was unearthed at Shek Pik, Lantau Island, and its form is almost identical to bronze swords found in the Eastern Zhou tomb at Sankeng, Qingyuan, and the upper layer of the Shixia site in Qujiang.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.47

翌年軍政府基於輿論壓力,宣告停止興建屏山機場。

The following year, under public pressure, the military government announced the cessation of construction of the Ping Shan airfield.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.154

因棄嬰數目少於預期,教會曾付錢從內地運棄嬰來港撫養。

Because the number of abandoned infants was lower than expected, the church once paid to bring abandoned infants from the mainland to Hong Kong to be raised.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.704

英方認為,香港北面陸地邊界會因深圳河河道的變化而有所調整。

The British side believed that the northern land boundary of Hong Kong would be adjusted due to changes in the course of the Shenzhen River.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.34

英方於租借新界後屢次驅逐九龍寨城內之清朝官員與居民,該處其後長年處於「三不管」狀態。

After leasing the New Territories, the British repeatedly expelled Qing officials and residents from Kowloon Walled City, which subsequently remained in a state of 'no man's land' for many years.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.99

英國管治香港之初,政府因建設維多利亞城而對石材需求甚大,於是開闢了數處採石場。

At the beginning of British rule in Hong Kong, the government's need for stone to build Victoria City was so great that several quarries were opened.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.148

英國管治香港之後,來自英國的植物學家着手對本地林木展開有組織的考察,並採集與鑑定植物標本。

After Britain took over Hong Kong, botanists from Britain began organized surveys of the local forests and collected and identified plant specimens.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.63

英國接管新界時,元朗區與大埔地區的村落曾聯手以武力抵抗英方,最終未能成功。

When the British took over the New Territories, villages in Yuen Long District and Tai Po District joined forces to resist the British with armed force, but ultimately failed.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.153

英國取得九龍之後,當局藉由填海造地及徵收土地,把尖沙咀建設成供軍隊駐紮與外籍人士經商居住的區域。

After Britain acquired Kowloon, the authorities built Tsim Sha Tsui into an area for military stationing and foreign business and residence through reclamation and land resumption.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.117

英國以武力方式接管新界,當地居民反抗最終失敗。

Britain took over the New Territories by force, and the local residents' resistance ultimately failed.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.29

英國在華外交官阿禮國形容香港是「無盡的花崗巖和荒山」。

The British diplomat in China Alcock described Hong Kong as 'endless granite and barren hills'.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.229

英國佔領初期,黃泥涌附近沼澤多被開闢為墳場。

In the early period of the British occupation, the marshes near Wong Nai Chung were mostly opened up as cemeteries.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.94

英國佔領後,「香港」一名由局部地名擴展為全島名稱。

After the British occupation, the name "Hong Kong" expanded from a local place name to the name of the whole island.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.91

英國佔領香港,源於英國與清政府簽署的不平等條約。

Britain's occupation of Hong Kong originated from the unequal treaties signed between Britain and the Qing government.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.69

英國佔領香港後,港府開始採用西方氣象觀測技術。

After the British occupation of Hong Kong, the Hong Kong government began adopting Western meteorological observation techniques.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.250

英國佔領香港之初,島上多數民眾聚居於沿岸地帶,日常主要依賴井水與泉水作為水源。

At the beginning of the British occupation of Hong Kong, most of the island's people lived along the coast and relied mainly on well water and spring water for their daily supply.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.457

英國租借新界後,選定魔鬼山修築炮台及防禦設施。

After Britain leased the New Territories, Devil's Peak was chosen for the construction of a fort and defensive facilities.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.103

英軍於太平洋戰爭爆發前擬在石崗建軍營,惟防線調整令工程告停。

Before the outbreak of the Pacific War, the British military planned to build a barracks at Shek Kong, but adjustments to the defensive line halted the project.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.154

英軍佔據香港島後推行城市規劃,奠定早期港島人口的分區格局。

After the British forces occupied Hong Kong Island, they implemented urban planning that laid the foundation for the early population distribution on the island.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.237

英佔初期,海上傾倒垃圾由港府所聘承辦商以木船負責運送。

In the early period of British occupation, sea dumping of refuse was carried out by contractors engaged by the Hong Kong Government using wooden boats.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.261

英佔初期,跨種族或跨國婚姻社群裏,最受注目的是「涉外婚婦」,排第二的是「豬仔」婚姻,中印通婚則位列第三。

In the early period of British occupation, among the interracial or transnational marriage communities, the most notable were the 'protected women', followed by 'piglet' marriages, with Chinese-Indian intermarriage ranking third.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.657

英佔初期,香港居民倚賴地下水飲用及灌溉。

In the early British occupation, Hong Kong residents relied on groundwater for drinking and irrigation.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.26

英佔初期,中西區出現上市場、中市場及下市場三個商業區。

In the early period of British occupation, three commercial districts emerged in the Central and Western District: the Upper Market, Middle Market and Lower Market.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.81

英佔初期維港範圍廣闊,兩岸仍保持天然海岸線。

In the early period of British occupation, Victoria Harbour was extensive, and both shores retained their natural coastlines.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.59

英佔初期至十九世紀晚期,港府以維港兩岸平地為起點拓展市區。

From the early British occupation to the late nineteenth century, the Hong Kong government expanded the urban area starting from the flat land on both sides of Victoria Harbour.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.55

英佔時期之初,油麻地天后廟前方的一片空地,由於長有幾棵巨型榕樹,故得名榕樹頭。

In the early period of British occupation, the open space in front of the Tin Hau Temple in Yau Ma Tei was named Yung Shue Tau because of several large banyan trees growing there.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.498

英佔香港之前,本地已有採石場存在。

Quarries already existed in Hong Kong before the British occupation.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.98

英佔早期香港仍有不少耕作活動,以種植水稻為主,耕地土壤可稱為水稻土。

In the early period of the British occupation, much farming still took place in Hong Kong, mainly rice cultivation, and the cultivated soil may be called paddy soil.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.172

英佔之前,香港缺乏有系統的地質調查,僅靠找礦鑽探取得資料。

Before the British occupation, Hong Kong lacked systematic geological surveys, relying only on prospecting and drilling for data.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.224

由北宋到明代,官方就百姓採珠一事,管控時而禁止、時而放寬,相關措施屢經廢止與恢復,並無固定方針。

From the Northern Song to the Ming dynasty, official control over pearl gathering by the people alternated between prohibition and relaxation, with such measures repeatedly abolished and restored and no fixed policy.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.527

由大約公元前1500年開始,香港地區逐步邁進青銅時代早期,涉及遺址包括大嶼山扒頭鼓、白芒,還有馬灣東灣仔與南丫島大灣。

From about 1500 BC, the Hong Kong region gradually entered the early Bronze Age, involving sites including Pa Tau Kwu and Pak Mong on Lantau Island, as well as Tung Wan Tsai on Ma Wan and Tai Wan on Lamma Island.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.93

由南朝延續至唐代,香港的製鹽產業持續運作,未有中斷,現時仍留存下來的煮鹽爐竈遺址,數量多達數百處。

From the Southern Dynasties through to the Tang dynasty, the salt-making industry in Hong Kong operated continuously without interruption, and several hundred sites of salt-boiling furnaces and stoves still survive today.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.528

由秦代起,香港地域已被歸入中央政權的行政區劃體系,郡縣制度在當地推行超過兩千年。

From the Qin dynasty onwards, the Hong Kong region was incorporated into the administrative division system of the central regime, and the commandery and county system was implemented there for more than two thousand years.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.23

由全國抗戰開始,直至香港被日本佔領期間,日軍管理機構以及本地民眾均曾大量砍伐樹木,以作燃料之用。

From the start of the nationwide resistance war until the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong, both the Japanese military administration and local residents extensively felled trees for use as fuel.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.25

由十一世紀開始,新界西北部的平坦地帶已有農民引水灌溉,從事水稻耕作。

From the eleventh century onwards, farmers in the flat areas of the northwestern New Territories had already diverted water for irrigation and engaged in rice cultivation.

來源 《香港志·自然》環境保護與生態保育(香港地方志中心) · p.152

由五代南漢起,歷經清康熙時期,官方於大步海(即現今吐露港附近)進行珍珠採集,並設立相關部門負責監管。

From the Five Dynasties Southern Han through the Kangxi period of the Qing, the authorities collected pearls at Dabu Sea (near present-day Tolo Harbour) and set up a department to oversee it.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.527

油尖旺區於1860年之前,以芒角及尖沙咀為區內主要村落。

Before 1860, Mong Kok and Tsim Sha Tsui were the main villages in the Yau Tsim Mong District.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.116

有關維多利亞港的歷史文獻記載,最早可追溯至明代。

The earliest historical documentary records concerning Victoria Harbour date back to the Ming dynasty.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然環境(香港地方志中心) · p.55

有理由相信,竹篙灣該處昔日擔當了瓷器經海路貿易的中轉樞紐角色。

There is reason to believe that Penny's Bay once served as a transit hub for the maritime trade of porcelain.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.529

於北宋年間,大澳獲設立為海南鹽柵,屬當時具規模之鹽場。

During the Northern Song dynasty, Tai O was established as a Hainan salt depot and was a sizable salt field at the time.

來源 《香港志·自然》自然資源與生態(香港地方志中心) · p.164

於北宋年間,具進士身分的侯五郎從廣東番禺移居到現時的新界上水;他的後代侯卓峯則在明朝初年於河上鄉建立基業。

During the Northern Song dynasty, Hou Wulang, who held the jinshi degree, moved from Panyu in Guangdong to present-day Sheung Shui in the New Territories; his descendant Hou Zhuofeng established a foundation at Ho Sheung Heung in the early Ming dynasty.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.48

於北宋時期,香港作為官員與士兵的駐守之地,其核心職能為掌管鹽務。

During the Northern Song dynasty, Hong Kong served as a station for officials and soldiers, and its core function was the administration of salt affairs.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.529

於第一次世界大戰時期,居港的德國男性大多遭扣押,其資產亦被沒收,而德國婦女與兒童則已撤離。

During the First World War, most German men in Hong Kong were interned and their assets confiscated, while German women and children were evacuated.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.482

於該時期,先民所用工具涵蓋石錛、砍砸器、石拍以及骨器,生計來源為採集、漁撈與狩獵;其身上所穿乃樹皮布所造衣裳,彩陶、白陶被視為祭祀用禮器,日常炊煮食物則採用夾砂陶。

In this period, the tools used by the early inhabitants included stone adzes, choppers, stone beaters and bone tools; their livelihood came from gathering, fishing and hunting; they wore clothes made of bark cloth, painted pottery and white pottery were regarded as ritual vessels for sacrifices, and sandy pottery was used for daily cooking.

來源 《香港志·總述 大事記》(公元前 5000 年至 2017 年,共 6,500 多條大事)(香港地方志中心) · p.92

於公元742年、即唐天寶元年,玄宗頒布命令,將州制撤銷並改行郡制,廣州因而更名為南海郡,其對寶安縣的管治權則維持不變。

In 742 AD, the first year of the Tianbao era of the Tang dynasty, Emperor Xuanzong issued an order abolishing the prefecture system and replacing it with the commandery system, whereupon Guangzhou was renamed Nanhai Commandery, while its jurisdiction over Bao'an County remained unchanged.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.42

於公元757年,即唐肅宗至德二載,寶安縣獲更名為東莞縣,而香港的管轄歸屬亦隨之轉入南海郡東莞縣之下。

In 757 AD, the second year of the Zhide era of Emperor Suzong of Tang, Bao'an County was renamed Dongguan County, and the jurisdiction over Hong Kong accordingly came under Dongguan County of Nanhai Commandery.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.23

於抗日戰爭期間,由廖承志所建立之八路軍駐香港辦事處,其所在地正是中西區。

During the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Eighth Route Army Hong Kong Office established by Liao Chengzhi was located in the Central and Western District.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.82

於抗日戰爭時期,離開香港的民眾主要遷往中國內地,其中以廣東省沿岸一帶最為集中。

During the War of Resistance against Japan, people leaving Hong Kong mainly moved to mainland China, with the coastal areas of Guangdong province being the most concentrated destination.

來源 《香港志·自然》建置與地區概況(人口)(香港地方志中心) · p.422

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