文化藝術人物 / Cultural figure

陸運濤

大字係界別(由已登記職業/領域派生),唔係姓氏。

Loke Wan Tho

1915年–1964年

繁體中文

陸運濤(Loke Wan Tho,1915年6月14日—1964年6月20日),廣東人,生於吉隆坡,父親是南洋富商陸佑,家族經營橡膠、錫礦與銀行等業務。他畢業於英國劍橋大學,取得文學士及歷史系碩士學位。他是富甲星馬的國泰機構總裁,兼任馬來亞銀行、馬來亞航空公司等大機構的董事長,亦為大慈善家,對星馬等地的教育與藝術事業捐助甚多;他獲「拿督」銜,並曾獲英國、日本等國頒授勳銜,又曾任英國蘭克電影公司及美國霍士電影公司的董事。電影方面,他於1955年透過旗下公司收購李祖永創辦的永華影業公司,1956年把永華與國際影片發行公司合併,改組為國際電影懋業有限公司(簡稱電懋),自任董事長,聘鍾啟文為總經理,集製作、發行、院線於一身,參考荷里活模式經營,延攬宋淇、陶秦、易文、張愛玲等編導人才,旗下有林黛、葛蘭等紅星。電懋佳作連篇,包括獲1958年第五屆亞洲影展最佳影片獎的《四千金》(1957),以及獲1962年第一屆金馬獎最佳劇情片的《星星.月亮.太陽》(1961),其發行業務在東南亞亦極為成功。陸運濤亦是攝影家,著有《鳥的夥伴》(1959),並與東南亞總督麥當納合著《吳哥》(1958),收藏世界知名攝影作品五百餘幅,現藏於新加坡國家藝術館;他亦捐助三十萬新加坡元興建南洋大學理學院大樓。1964年6月,他到台灣出席第十一屆亞洲影展,會後獲蔣介石與宋美齡接見;6月20日,他與妻子等人在台中水湳機場登上民航空運公司編號B-908的班機返回台北,途中飛機遭劫並在台中神岡鄉稻田墜毀,全機五十七人罹難,他亦身亡。同年金馬獎因事件停辦,香港星光大道第三十八顆星即以他命名。

English

Loke Wan Tho (14 June 1915 – 20 June 1964) was born in Kuala Lumpur to Loke Yew, a leading Malayan businessman, and was educated at the University of Cambridge, taking a BA and a master's in history. President of the wealthy Cathay Organisation, he was also chairman of Malayan Banking and Malayan Airways and a noted philanthropist who supported education and the arts in Malaya and Singapore; he was conferred honours in Malaya, Britain and Japan, and sat on the boards of the Rank and Fox film companies. In 1955 his company bought Lee Tso-yung's Yung Hwa studio, and in 1956 he merged it with the International Films Distributing Agency to form Motion Picture and General Investment Co. Ltd, or Cathay (MP & GI), becoming chairman with Chung Kai-man as general manager. Combining production, distribution and a cinema chain on a Hollywood model, he gathered writers and directors such as Stephen Soong, Doe Ching, Evan Yang and Eileen Chang and stars including Lin Dai and Grace Chang. Cathay's successes included Our Sister Hedy (1957), named Best Film at the fifth Asian Film Festival in 1958, and Sun, Moon and Star (1961), which won Best Feature Film at the first Golden Horse Awards in Taiwan in 1962, while its distribution arm prospered across Southeast Asia. Loke was also a photographer: he published A Company of Birds (1959) and, with Malcolm MacDonald, Angkor (1958), and collected more than 500 prints by leading photographers, now in the National Gallery Singapore; he donated S$300,000 towards a science building at Nanyang University. In June 1964 he attended the 11th Asian Film Festival in Taiwan and was received by Chiang Kai-shek and Soong Mei-ling; on 20 June, flying from Taichung to Taipei on Civil Air Transport flight B-908, he was killed when the hijacked aircraft crashed in a paddy field. All 57 people aboard died, and that year's Golden Horse Awards were cancelled; his star is the 38th on Hong Kong's Avenue of Stars.

人物小檔 Profile

職業Occupation

製片家

年期Active period

1915年–1964年

代表作Notable works

《四千金》《星星.月亮.太陽》

獎項及榮譽Awards & honours

獲馬來西亞、英國及日本頒授勳銜

資料整理日期 / Compiled: 2026-10-14

主要成就 Key Achievements

1955

收購永華片場,翌年把永華與國際影片發行公司改組為國際電影懋業(電懋)

Bought the Yung Hwa studio and, the next year, reorganised it with the International Films Distributing Agency into Cathay (MP & GI)

1958

電懋《四千金》獲第五屆亞洲影展最佳影片獎

Cathay's Our Sister Hedy won Best Film at the fifth Asian Film Festival

1962

電懋《星星.月亮.太陽》獲第一屆金馬獎最佳劇情片

Cathay's Sun, Moon and Star won Best Feature Film at the first Golden Horse Awards

影響與傳承 Impact & Legacy

繁體中文

陸運濤把現代化片廠制度與院線發行引入香港,1955年收購永華後改組而成的電懋,以《四千金》《星星.月亮.太陽》等片連奪亞洲影展與金馬獎,其崛起也促使邵逸夫1957年來港設廠,形成電懋與邵氏兩大公司競爭的格局,改寫了戰後香港影業的版圖。

English

Loke brought modern studio practice and theatre-chain distribution to Hong Kong. Founded by him in the mid-1950s, Cathay took Asian Film Festival and Golden Horse prizes with films such as Our Sister Hedy and Sun, Moon and Star, and its rise prompted Shaw to build a Hong Kong studio in 1957, reshaping the post-war industry into a contest between the two companies.

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